Causes and clinical manifestations of uterine dysplasia

When women are preparing for pregnancy, they need to adjust all aspects of their bodies, which will be very helpful for pregnancy. Many women do not adjust their bodies before pregnancy, which can easily lead to diseases after pregnancy, which is quite harmful to the body. Uterine hypoplasia is very common. Many women are not clear about the causes and clinical manifestations of uterine hypoplasia.

Causes and clinical manifestations of uterine dysplasia:

1. Congenital absence of uterus: The paramesonephric ducts on both sides extend horizontally toward the midline and merge. If they stop developing before reaching the midline, no uterus will be formed. Congenital absence of the uterus is often combined with congenital absence of the vagina, but there may be normal fallopian tubes and ovaries. During rectal examination, the uterus cannot be touched at the area equivalent to the cervix and uterine body, but only the peritoneal folds can be felt.

2. Primitive uterus: If the two mesonephric ducts on both sides extend horizontally to the midline and meet and then stop developing shortly after that, this type of uterus is very small, usually without a uterine cavity or with a uterine cavity but without endometrial growth, and therefore no menstruation.

3. Solid uterus: The paramesonephric ducts have fused, but the uterine cavity has not been formed. The uterus may be close to normal size, but there is no uterine cavity. Most patients seek medical treatment for primary amenorrhea and infertility and are discovered during diagnostic curettage.

4. Immature uterus: This is caused by the cessation of development for a short period of time after the fusion of the paramesonephric ducts. When a baby is born, the ratio of the total length of the uterus to the cervix is ​​3:2. After puberty, this ratio changes to the adult ratio of 3:1. If after puberty the uterus is smaller than normal, the cervix is ​​conical and relatively long, and the ratio of the uterine body to the cervix is ​​1:1 or 2:3, it is called an immature uterus.

The uterus stops developing in late pregnancy or at any time after the fetus is born and before puberty, and various degrees of uterine hypoplasia may occur. The cervix of this type of uterus is relatively long, mostly conical, with a small external os; the uterine body is smaller than normal and often extremely anteverted or retroverted. Those with anteroflexion often have underdeveloped anterior uterine wall, while those with retroflexion often have underdeveloped posterior uterine wall. An immature uterus can cause dysmenorrhea, oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea or infertility.

Uterine hypoplasia does not need to be treated if it does not cause clinical symptoms. If amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, infertility or habitual abortion is caused by uterine hypoplasia, endocrine therapy can be tried. If the patient's pain cannot be relieved after drug treatment, surgery can be considered. If it is dysmenorrhea, surgical removal of the abnormal uterus can also be considered. If miscarriage or premature birth is caused by uterine malformation, appropriate surgery can be performed according to the different malformations.

In treatment, appropriate amounts of estrogen should be given as early as possible to promote uterine growth and development. Diethylstilbestrol plus medroxyprogesterone acetate is commonly used in sequence. Generally, oral administration of diethylstilbestrol 0.5-1 mg begins on the 5th day of menstruation for 20 consecutive days. On the 16th day, 5 mg of medroxyprogesterone is added, twice a day, for 7 days, for a total of 4-6 cycles.

Traditional Chinese medicine believes that it is caused by deficiency of cold and heat, blood stasis blocking the uterine vessels, insufficient true yang, and inability to warm the uterus and retain essence. Its unique physical sign is the flat philtrum, because the philtrum is the main organ for menstruation and fetal development. The implantation of the fertilized egg requires a normally developed uterus. If the uterus is poorly developed, it is difficult for the fertilized egg to implant and develop into an embryo. This is called uterine hypoplasia infertility. For those with uterine hypoplasia, gynecological examinations often show a small uterus, but a simply small uterus is not necessarily the direct cause of infertility. Adolescent uterus is the most common type of developmental dysplasia in clinical practice, which is mainly caused by insufficient endocrine influence. According to traditional Chinese medicine, female infertility is caused by poor uterine development, insufficient kidney qi, lack of essence and blood, cold uterus, liver depression and qi stagnation, and Chong and Ren qi imbalance. People with kidney deficiency and anemia often have symptoms such as very little menstrual volume, normal menstruation, 1-2 days of menstruation, light blood color, thin body, back pain and leg pain, infertility for many years, weak and thin pulse, and light voice quality.

According to traditional Chinese medicine, infertility caused by uterine hypoplasia is mostly caused by insufficient kidney qi and lack of blood and essence. Kidney is the foundation of congenital constitution, responsible for storing true yin and true yang. Kidney deficiency indicates insufficient true yang, weakened fire of Mingmen, inability to warm the uterus and Chong and Ren meridians. As a result, the uterus cannot retain semen and achieve pregnancy. Therefore, patients are often infertile for many years after marriage, with delayed menarche and less and lighter menstrual flow after menstruation, emaciation, cold abdomen and limbs. Why in winter? Gynecological examination may reveal a small uterus, underdeveloped ovaries, or no abnormalities. Therefore, Chinese medicine can be used for conditioning.

After understanding the causes and clinical manifestations of uterine hypoplasia, it is necessary to choose the correct method to improve uterine hypoplasia. And when alleviating such problems, it is necessary to pay attention to a reasonable diet. At this time, women should not have sexual life too frequently, otherwise it will not help the treatment of uterine hypoplasia.