What causes female breast cysts?

Nowadays, many women suffer from breast diseases. The breast is a relatively important organ for a woman. If breast lesions can even be life-threatening, there are still many women suffering from female breast cysts, and many people report breast pain and swelling. So what kind of disease is female breast cyst? How should women prevent it?

Simple breast cyst refers to a lump with a layer of flat epithelium lining the cyst wall and no obvious hyperplasia. It is a common breast disease. The main clinical symptoms are single or multiple breast lumps and pain, which are not very effective in response to various non-surgical treatments. Because it grows rapidly or there is bloody fluid in the cyst, it may become malignant, and its X-ray manifestations are similar to those of breast cancer. If the smooth cyst wall changes, it may be a sign of malignancy.

1. Breast lumps

Clinically, bilateral breast and multiple cysts are common, with the ratio of multiple cysts to single cysts being 3:1. Most solitary large cysts are round, with a diameter of several centimeters; small and multiple cysts are mostly oval, with a diameter of several millimeters. The cyst has smooth edges, clear boundaries, is active, and can gradually increase in size and number. Single cysts often contain serous or yellowish fluid. If the fluid is bloody, there is a possibility of an intracystic tumor. Single cysts may also contain brown bloody fluid due to intracystic necrosis.

2. The lump changes with the menstrual cycle

The cyst gradually increases in size as the menstrual cycle changes. If the fluid in the cyst increases slightly, its tension will not be high. Due to some reasons, sometimes the cyst secretes more fluid in a short period of time and the tension increases significantly. After menopause, cysts often shrink on their own and occasionally disappear.

3. Breast tenderness

Before menstruation, breast pain occurs, but the size of the breasts does not change.

4. Rapid growth

The solitary cyst grew rapidly and the patient complained of a breast lump found overnight. This point is very important in differential diagnosis and can be distinguished from slow-growing solid fibroadenoma.

How to treat it?

1. Non-surgical treatment

The cyst fluid is drained and iodine-water contrast medium is injected into the cyst to stimulate the cyst wall and cause it to close on its own. About 95% of cysts can close on their own.

2. Surgery

(1) Indications ① If the cyst is reported to be epithelial hyperplasia or papilloma through cyst inflation angiography or cytology, it must be excised and biopsied to rule out the possibility of malignant transformation. ② The cyst contains bloody fluid and the qualitative diagnosis is unclear. ③ Star-shaped shadows or localized silt-like calcifications are seen on the inner wall of the cyst, indicating suspicion of malignancy. ④ The cyst does not shrink after multiple punctures.

(2) Surgical principles: Depending on the age of the patient, radial or arc-shaped incisions are used to perform small segmental and local breast tumor removal. The tissue was removed for routine pathological examination.

As mentioned above, female breast cysts are a common disease. When we encounter the disease, we need to treat it in time, otherwise it will affect the best treatment period, causing the disease to worsen, and even turn into cancer. We should also pay attention to eating less barbecued food as it can cause the cyst to spread. Finally, I wish all women good health.