Breast cancer definition and treatment

Women's bodies also need to be well maintained, especially in terms of diet. Women should eat less spicy, raw and cold foods, which are seriously harmful to women's health. At the same time, breast cancer, a common disease among women, poses a great threat to women. After such a disease is discovered, it must be treated in time to control the disease well. What is the definition of breast cancer?

The definition of breast cancer is very specific, and the disease is also explained in detail, so that women can have a good understanding of the disease. The following is a detailed introduction so that women can pay attention to their health in daily life.

Definition of Breast Cancer:

Breast cancer is a disease in which mammary duct epithelial cells lose their normal characteristics and proliferate abnormally under the influence of various internal and external carcinogenic factors, exceeding the limit of self-repair and becoming cancerous. Every year, approximately 1.2 million women worldwide develop breast cancer and 500,000 women die from it. Most countries in North America and Northern Europe are high-incidence areas for female breast cancer, while my country is a low-incidence country. However, the latest statistics from the China Anti-Cancer Association show that the incidence of breast cancer in my country has been increasing at an annual rate of 3% in recent years, making it the cancer with the fastest growing mortality rate in cities. High-incidence areas are mainly concentrated in Shanghai, Beijing, Tianjin and large coastal cities, with Shanghai having the highest incidence.

Treatment:

Surgical treatment

Surgery is still one of the main treatments for breast cancer. There are many surgical procedures, and there is no consensus on their selection. The general development trend is to minimize surgical damage and, if equipment conditions permit, try to preserve the breast appearance for patients with early breast cancer. No matter which surgical procedure is chosen, the principle of radical cure as the main approach and retaining function and appearance as the secondary approach must be strictly adhered to.

(I) Indications for surgery Halsted pioneered radical mastectomy, which has become the standard method for treating breast cancer in the past century due to its reasonableness and clear efficacy. Over the past half century, many exploratory modifications have been made to breast cancer surgery, and the general trend is conservative and expanded. There is still controversy today. Local mastectomy and total mastectomy are representative conservative surgeries, which require radiotherapy after surgery. The radiation dose varies, generally 30 to 70 Gy. It can achieve good results for strictly selected localized early cancers, but it is difficult to conclude whether it should be used as a routine treatment for early breast cancer and how to accurately select such early cancers.

(II) Contraindications to surgery

1. Systemic contraindications: ① Patients with distant tumor metastasis, ② Elderly and frail patients who cannot tolerate surgery, ③ Patients with poor general condition and cachexia, ④ Patients with functional disorders of important organs who cannot tolerate surgery.

2. Contraindications for local lesions: Patients at stage III present with any of the following conditions: ① Orange peel-like edema of the breast skin exceeding half of the breast area; ② Satellite nodules appear on the breast skin; ③ Breast cancer invades the chest wall; ④ Clinical examination shows enlarged parasternal lymph nodes confirmed as metastasis; ⑤ Edema of the upper limb on the affected side; ⑥ Supraclavicular lymph nodes confirmed as metastasis by pathological examination; ⑦ Inflammatory breast cancer with two of the following five conditions: ① Tumor rupture; ② Orange peel-like edema of the breast skin occupying less than 1/3 of the total breast area; ② The tumor is fixed to the pectoralis major muscle; ④ The maximum long diameter of the axillary lymph nodes exceeds 2.5 cm; ⑤ Adhesion of the axillary lymph nodes to each other or to the skin and deep tissues.

Through the above introduction, we have some understanding of the definition of breast cancer, and at the same time, we have a better understanding of its treatment methods. Such diseases also require long-term treatment, so women must actively cooperate so that the disease can be stabilized and women's bodies can quickly recover.