Staging criteria for papillary thyroid cancer

In recent years, the incidence of thyroid cancer has gradually increased, and it has already developed into the top ten malignant tumors in China, especially ranking very high among cancers in women. Thyroid cancer has become a common malignant tumor among Chinese people and is of widespread concern. Today, we will talk about the stage of thyroid cancer and its several common symptoms to help everyone better understand thyroid cancer.

Instalment schedule for thyroid cancer (Cancer Research UK 8th edition instalment schedule)

1. PTX: primary tumor cannot be assessed;

2. PT0: no direct evidence of tumor;

3. PT1: The tumor is confined to the thyroid cyst and the tumor is ≤2cm; PT1a: The tumor is ≤1cm; PT1b: The tumor is greater than 1cm and ≤2cm;

4. PT2: tumor 2-4 cm;

5. PT3: tumor > 4 cm, or with small horizontal infiltration; PT3a: tumor > 4 cm, limited to the thyroid cyst; PT3b: generally invades the outer strip of muscle of the thyroid cyst;

6. PT4: The tumor invades beyond the external band muscle; PT4a: The tumor invades the pharynx, bronchitis, esophagus, recurrent laryngeal nerve and subcutaneous tissue; PT4b: The tumor invades the prevertebral muscle fascia, or encapsulates the common carotid artery and mediastinal vessels;

1. PNX: Cancer metastasis cannot be assessed;

2. PNO: no direct evidence of cancer metastasis;

3. PN1: partial cancer metastasis; PN1a: migration to parabronchial/anterior, anterior laryngeal, and superior mediastinal lymph nodes, one or both sides; PN1b: metastasis to one, both sides, or the contralateral side of the neck or retropharyngeal cancer;

1. PM0: no distant migration;

2. PM1: There is long-distance migration.

According to the above installment payment standards, patients with mitotic carcinoma (papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma) under 55 years old are divided into stage I and II according to whether there is distant metastasis; patients over 55 years old are divided into stage I (≤PT2N0M0), stage II (PT1-2N1MO), stage III (PT4aM0), stage IVA (PT4bM0), stage IVB (PM1); medullary carcinoma is divided into stage I (≤PT1N0M0), stage II (PT2-3N0MO), stage III (PT1-3N1aM0,), stage IVA (PT4aM0, PT1-3N1bM0), stage IVB (PT4bM0), stage IVC (M1); undifferentiated carcinoma is divided into stage IVA (PT1-3aN0M0), stage IVB (PT1-3aN1M0, PT3b-4N0M0), stage IVC (M1).

Common symptoms

Neck lumps: Pressing the neck hard can reveal hard, irregular, and different lumps, which are not obvious in the early stage, but gradually expand as the disease progresses.

Dysphagia: As thyroid cancer tumors continue to expand, they will gradually compress tissues near the thyroid cyst, such as the bronchitis and esophagus, causing patients to experience symptoms such as difficulty breathing and swallowing. If you touch it hard, you may find that there are irregular hard lumps in the throat that move left and right with the swallowing movement.

Neck radiating pain: It is caused by compression of nerve tissue by the extracellular spread of tumor cells. Patients experience pain around the neck, including inside the ears, shoulders, and other locations.

Hoarseness in the throat: The tumor exerts pressure on the larynx, causing the airway passages to become narrower and resulting in hoarseness.

Lymph node enlargement: Tumor cells spread outside and irritate surrounding lymph nodes, causing lymph node enlargement and pain.

It is recommended that when thyroid cancer (regardless of the type) is diagnosed, one should start taking the third-generation de-walled Ganoderma lucidum spore powder to improve the body's visceral system function, enhance the function of secondary and non-acquired immune cells, promote the secretion of various cytokines, enhance the body's immune capacity, and play a role in improving quality, increasing efficiency and reducing toxicity during the treatment process, thereby increasing life expectancy and gaining more treatment opportunities.