What is the reason for bleeding during intercourse?

Vaginal bleeding occurs after a couple has sexual intercourse. This condition is called contact bleeding in clinical medicine. What is the cause of bleeding during intercourse? Women of different ages have different physiological characteristics, and the common causes of vaginal bleeding are also different. Generally speaking, the main reasons for vaginal bleeding after intercourse are the following:

1. The hymen is broken and damaged. The most common is rupture of the hymen during first intercourse. This type of bleeding usually occurs during sexual intercourse. There may be pain and bleeding at that time, but the bleeding is usually very little. If the injury is not serious, the bleeding will stop quickly. However, sometimes when the rupture of the hymen happens to damage the blood vessels in that position, the bleeding is more severe and requires compression to activate the blood circulation (such as using clean cotton wool or gauze, clean cotton towel, etc.), or even go to the hospital for medical treatment.

2. Vaginal laceration. During or after sexual intercourse, vaginal bleeding occurs and the bleeding is heavy, difficult to stop on its own, and lasts for a long time. Vaginal lacerations often occur during non-consensual sexual intercourse or very rough sexual methods. Vaginal lacerations are also common in vaginal malformations, such as vaginal septum, transverse septum, double vagina, and vaginal stenosis. In the past, after vaginal plastic surgery, hymen repair, vaginal tumor removal surgery and hysterectomy, when the vaginal wounds are not healed well, sexual life is also very likely to cause damage. Improper sexual posture and location can also cause vaginal injury and bleeding. The amount of bleeding is related to the location and level of the injury.

3. Vaginitis. Common vaginitis includes candidal vaginitis, candidal vaginitis, and senile vaginitis. Vaginitis generally presents with symptoms of vulvar itching and excessive leucorrhea, usually with vaginal mucosal edema, hematoma or ulceration. During sexual intercourse, the vagina is irritated and pink secretions are discharged, and there is also a burning sensation in the vagina. Therefore, sexual intercourse is not allowed during the vaginitis period.

4. Cervicitis. It is still relatively common for women of childbearing age to suffer from chronic cervicitis such as cervical erosion and cervical polyps. Mild cervical erosion will not cause bleeding after sexual intercourse. If bleeding occurs after sexual intercourse, you should consider the possibility of severe cervical erosion or large and numerous cervical polyps, or the possibility of lesions, and you should see a doctor as soon as possible. Bleeding during intercourse may also usually occur in subacute cervicitis, and you also need to go to the hospital for immediate medical examination.

5. Diseases such as endometritis and pelvic inflammation. It is usually accompanied by abdominal pain, back pain, increased leucorrhea and other symptoms. You need to go to the hospital for medical examination and receive reliable treatment. Anti-infection treatment is usually effective.

6. Malignant tumors

Cervical cancer is one of the common causes of bleeding after sexual intercourse. Most cervical cancer patients do not have any discomfort symptoms in the early stages, and bleeding after sexual intercourse may be the only symptom of early cervical cancer. Vaginal cancer is rare and can also cause bleeding during intercourse. Therefore, if female friends notice vaginal bleeding or pink discharge after intercourse, they should be alert and go to the hospital for medical examination as soon as possible to rule out gynecological malignancies such as cervical cancer.

7. Other

In addition, submucosal uterine fibroids, sinking and dislocation of the contraceptive ring after placement in the uterus, and starting sexual intercourse too early during menarche, after abortion, and during the confinement period can easily lead to infection and are also the cause of bleeding during sexual intercourse.