Ovarian teratoma postoperative care

Ovarian teratoma is a symptom of an abnormal tumor in the ovary. This symptom requires women to undergo surgery immediately. This is a benign tumor and its recurrence can be suppressed as long as the tumor is removed. The maintenance after ovarian teratoma surgery requires liquid food, and you cannot eat within 6 hours after the operation. You also need to pay attention to avoid infection of the incision, etc. You can learn about its maintenance measures.

1. Eat a semi-liquid diet one day before the operation and do not eat or drink on the morning of the operation to prevent accidental inhalation of anesthesia.

2. Do not eat for 6 hours after the operation, and then eat liquid food, avoid sugar and milk. After the gas is discharged, gradually change from semi-liquid food to normal meals.

3. Purpose and necessity of preoperative preparation: Skin preparation to clean the skin and prevent incision infection. The purpose of preoperative medication is to ensure sleep, induce anesthesia, enhance the anesthetic effect, and reduce glandular secretion. Gastrointestinal preparation prevents aspiration of vomitus during and after surgery, prevents accidental injury to the intestine during surgery, facilitates the smooth progress of surgery, and prevents postoperative abdominal distension.

4. Placement of a urinary catheter facilitates surgery and prevents accidental injury to the bladder.

5. Preoperative blood preparation and drug allergy tests are done to prepare for blood transfusion and medication during and after surgery.

6. You may feel general discomfort, dizziness, and incision pain after the operation. This is normal and you should take painkillers if necessary. There may also be nausea and vomiting, which are mostly caused by anesthetic drugs and surgical stimulation.

7. Teach patients techniques for turning over after surgery, methods for reducing abdominal tension, techniques for preventing incision pain when coughing, techniques for getting out of bed, and how to use a toilet in bed, etc.

8. After the operation, lie flat without a pillow and tilt your head to one side to prevent headaches, prevent suffocation due to accidental inhalation of vomitus, and prevent shock.

9. Removing the urinary catheter and urinating early are beneficial to the recovery of bladder function and prevent urine retention; avoid difficulty in urination due to overfilling of the bladder.

10. Discharge Instructions:

(1) Rest for 1 month after hysterectomy and refrain from sexual intercourse within 2-3 months. Avoid fatigue. After myomectomy, do not take a bath or have sexual intercourse for 1 month.

(2) 7-14 days after total hysterectomy, there will be a small amount of pink secretions in the vagina. This is caused by the dissolution of the intestinal stump of the vagina. This is a normal phenomenon and does not require treatment. Just rest properly. If the secretions are bloody and the amount is like menstrual period, you should seek medical attention immediately.

(3) You can take a shower one week after the stitches are removed, and wash your wound with warm water on a daily basis to prevent colds.

After surgery, it is best for patients to follow the doctor's advice, pay attention to maintaining adequate rest, try not to take a bath or start sexual life too early, so as to avoid wound infection and cause greater pain to the patient after surgery. Whether you are in sales or not, if you find any discomfort in your body, you should go to the hospital for a check-up in time.

How does ovarian teratoma form?

Teratoma is a common type of ovarian germ cell tumor. It originates from germ cells and is divided into mature teratoma (i.e. benign teratoma) and immature teratoma (malignant teratoma). Benign teratomas contain many components, including skin, hair, teeth, bones, oil, nerve tissue, etc.; malignant teratomas are poorly differentiated, with no or little formed tissue and unclear structure. Early teratomas often have no obvious clinical symptoms and are mostly discovered accidentally during physical examinations. There is currently no medical treatment and surgery is required.

Teratoma requires prompt surgery

Once a teratoma is diagnosed, early surgical resection must be performed to avoid the malignant transformation of benign teratoma due to delayed surgery. It can also prevent tumor infection, rupture, bleeding and complications. The key point of teratoma surgery is to completely remove the tumor. For ovarian and testicular tumors, one ovary or one testis is removed. For sacrococcygeal teratoma, it is emphasized that the coccyx must be removed at the same time to avoid residual pluripotent cells that may cause tumor recurrence.

The treatment principle of malignant teratoma is combined adjuvant therapy, conventional chemotherapy for 1.5 to 2 years after surgical resection, commonly used drugs include cisplatin, vinblastine or vincristine, and bleomycin. In recent years, the use of chemotherapy drugs such as cisplatin, doxorubicin, and ifosfamide has been recommended for combined chemotherapy. Radiotherapy is only used for cases of malignant teratoma with clear microscopic or macroscopic residues. The appropriate radiotherapy dose for microscopic residues is 25 Gy, and 35 Gy can be used for macroscopic residues. For those who have undergone complete surgical resection, chemotherapy has been advocated as the main treatment in recent years, with radiotherapy used with caution to avoid delayed damage to reproductive organs and bone development during radiotherapy.

For patients with large or extensively infiltrated malignant teratomas that are clinically judged to be unresectable, preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy can be used to shrink the tumor before performing radical surgery, which is of positive significance in improving the surgical resection rate and preserving important organs. For advanced cases, preoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy can also achieve the therapeutic goals of relieving tumor compression, controlling metastases, and gaining the opportunity for reoperation. You can get pregnant six months after teratoma removal surgery, but you should pay attention to recovery after the surgery.

However, if the tumor twists, it means that the blood vessels in the twisted part will be ischemic and the tissue will necrotize. According to general surgical principles, the ovary on this side needs to be removed, which will affect the woman's fertility. So early detection and early treatment are essential!