What are the dangers of thyroid pregnancy

Thyroid disease is a very common disease in normal times and has a great impact on physical health. If a normal woman suffers from thyroid disease, she needs to actively seek treatment, otherwise it will affect future fertility. If a pregnant woman suffers from thyroid disease, it will have an impact on both the pregnant woman and the fetus. It is best to treat it as early as possible. The following introduces the harm of thyroid to pregnant women.

What are the dangers of having thyroid during pregnancy?

Thyroid hormone is an essential hormone for the development of fetal brain nerves. Thyroid hormone deficiency can lead to fetal brain development disorders. If a baby grows slowly after birth, has slow reactions, a stupid face, a big head, a sunken nose, a protruding tongue and drooling, and may even be deaf-mute or mentally ill, and is short in stature as an adult, this is called cretinism.

Mild maternal hypothyroidism during mid- or early pregnancy can affect the neurological and intellectual development of offspring to varying degrees. Hypothyroidism combined with pregnancy can also significantly increase the incidence of obstetric complications including miscarriage, premature birth, preeclampsia, fetal death, etc.

How to screen for hypothyroidism during pregnancy

Due to the physiological changes of pregnancy, thyroid function changes during pregnancy, and a pregnancy-specific normal reference value range needs to be adopted.

Currently, it is recommended that "thyroid stimulating hormone" (TSH) 2.5mIU/L be the conservative upper limit of the normal value in early pregnancy. If this upper limit is exceeded, a diagnosis of gestational hypothyroidism can be considered.

The earlier the treatment is started, the better. It is best to achieve the standard of serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) 2.5mIU/L at the beginning of pregnancy, serum free thyroxine (FT4) maintained at the upper 1/3 level of the normal range for non-pregnant adults, and serum total thyroxine (TT4) maintained at 1.5 times the normal value for non-pregnant adults.

Hypothyroidism requires medication for treatment, and regular check-ups and adjustments to medication dosages are required. Hypothyroidism can lead to mental retardation in the fetus, as well as fetal growth retardation and miscarriage. We should take it seriously and it is best to get a check-up before pregnancy.

Precautions for pregnancy preparation in patients with hyperthyroidism

1. Closely monitor thyroid function before pregnancy

Eight weeks before pregnancy, women of childbearing age should go to the endocrinology department of a regular hospital to test their thyroid function and measure the level of thyroid hormone in the blood through venous blood sampling. The basic test items include TSH, FT3, FT4, A-TPO, and A-TG. Thyroid B-ultrasound can be performed if necessary.

2. Women with hyperthyroidism who are preparing for pregnancy should pay attention to their diet

The diet of women with hyperthyroidism who are preparing for pregnancy should be based on the principles of high calories, high protein, high vitamins, moderate fat and sodium salt intake, and less spicy and irritating condiments. The food should be soft, easy to digest and nutritious. Do not eat too much high-iodine food, such as kelp, seaweed, jellyfish, seaweed and algae, to prevent poor control of hyperthyroidism. No smoking, no alcohol, strong tea or coffee. Provide adequate carbohydrates and fats, and appropriately increase the intake of animal offal, fresh green leafy vegetables, or vitamin preparations. Appropriately control the intake of foods high in fiber. Hyperthyroidism patients often suffer from diarrhea, and excessive supply of fiber-rich foods will aggravate the diarrhea.