Bleeding before your period

Bleeding before the menstrual period is an abnormal phenomenon and should be taken seriously by patients. This is because the cause of this symptom is likely to be a disease of the female reproductive system, such as chronic cervicitis, uterine fibroids, endometrial cancer, etc. No matter which symptom it is, it is more dangerous. Below, I will introduce to you the common causes of non-menstrual bleeding!

1. Chronic cervicitis

It may manifest as cervical erosion or uterine polyps, causing bleeding during sexual intercourse or a small amount of irregular vaginal bleeding. A cervical smear examination is required to rule out early cervical cancer. Early tuberculous endometritis causes menorrhagia or prolonged menstruation due to endometrial congestion or ulceration, which can be differentiated from functional uterine bleeding by diagnostic endometrial biopsy. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease causes increased menstruation due to pelvic congestion or ovarian dysfunction, often accompanied by symptoms such as lower abdominal distension and low back pain. Patients often have a history of infertility. Gynecological examination revealed a retroverted uterus with limited mobility, and thickened fallopian tubes or tubo-ovarian masses were palpated on one or both sides.

2. Uterine fibroids

It is a common benign tumor in women of childbearing age. Vaginal bleeding is the main symptom of uterine fibroids. Larger intramural fibroids may present with menorrhagia and prolonged menstruation; submucosal fibroids, especially those that prolapse into the vagina and become infected, may cause persistent or irregular vaginal bleeding. People with prolonged bleeding may have anemia. Gynecological examination shows that the uterus is enlarged and hard. If there are multiple fibroids, the uterus may be uneven. Curettage can help understand the size of the uterine cavity and whether there are any protrusions or unevenness on the uterine wall. B-ultrasound examination, hysteroscopy and hysterosalpingography can assist in diagnosis.

3. Endometrial cancer

It is the most common malignant tumor of the reproductive tract before and after menopause. The main symptom is continuous or intermittent vaginal bleeding, and the amount of blood is generally not much. In the early stage, there are no other symptoms except vaginal bleeding, and there may be no obvious positive signs during examination. In the late stage, the amount of blood increases, leucorrhea appears, and there is lower abdominal pain; gynecological examination shows that the uterus is enlarged and fixed, and infiltrative lesions can be felt on both sides of the uterus or in the pelvic cavity. Early diagnosis of endometrial cancer is difficult and mainly relies on segmented diagnostic curettage and pathological examination of the scrapings. If a biopsy of suspicious lesions is performed under direct hysteroscopy, the diagnosis rate can be improved.