Estrogen level changes over one month

Estrogen is indispensable for women, especially when the female body matures, hormones play an important role in maintaining stability. Moreover, hormones are also a substance that effectively promotes the metabolism of the female body. When the level of estrogen in a woman's body is too low, it will cause dullness on the face and even other skin phenomena. So what are the changes in a woman's estrogen levels in a month?

Hormones are a class of natural chemicals secreted by certain cells of the body. They are transported by blood circulation to target organs to exert their effects. The word "hormone" comes from Greek and means to stimulate and stabilize emotions. The main functions of hormones are: regulating the menstrual cycle and the body's metabolism; promoting sexual maturity; maintaining pregnancy and regulating other physiological functions in the body.

Once you understand the cyclical changes in hormones in the body, you will find that hormones may be factors that affect fertility. The menstrual cycle is regulated by six hormones, and the interactions between them form an orderly chain reaction. Regulated by the gonadal axis, these hormones rise and fall at different times of the menstrual cycle. For the convenience of description, the menstrual cycle is taken as 28 days.

Most estrogen is secreted by the ovaries, and its main physiological function is to promote the growth and development of female sexual organs. During the first 14 days of the menstrual cycle, this hormone is dominant and causes the endometrium to proliferate and thicken, the breast tissue to proliferate and develop, and at the same time stimulates the proliferation of hair-like ciliated cells in the fallopian tube to facilitate the movement of sperm and egg towards each other and the implantation of the fertilized egg in the uterine cavity. At the same time, it also promotes the secretion of mucus by the glands of the endocervix to lubricate the vagina, facilitate the movement of sperm and enhance the antibacterial ability of the vagina. During the middle of the menstrual cycle, estrogen levels reach their peak and the pH of cervical mucus becomes alkaline, providing the best microenvironment for sperm survival.

Progesterone is also a hormone secreted by the ovaries. It becomes dominant after ovulation in the last 14 days of the menstrual cycle. It thickens the endometrium and further promotes the growth of ciliated cells in the fallopian tubes (estrogen and progesterone can stimulate the secretion of fallopian tube mucus and muscle contraction, causing some women to experience a stabbing pain on one side of the abdomen during the middle of their period, which is also called intermenstrual pain). In the second half of the menstrual cycle, progesterone makes the cervical mucus thicker and the pH value is acidic, which is not conducive to the retention and survival of sperm. In addition, progestins slow down the growth of the vaginal epithelium induced by estrogen and make the breasts fuller and more flexible.