What are the symptoms and treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease?

It is really not easy for women to live their lives. Not only do they have to endure the torture of menstruation every month, but they are also prone to gynecological diseases. For example, common problems such as vaginitis and pelvic inflammatory disease have caused great trouble to the majority of female patients. We all know that vaginitis is diagnosed by abnormal leucorrhea, so what are the symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease and how to treat it best?

Common symptoms

1. The symptoms of acute pelvic inflammatory disease are rapid onset and severe condition, which may include lower abdominal pain, fever, chills, headache, and loss of appetite. During examination, the patient is found to have an acute illness, high body temperature, rapid heart rate, muscle tension, tenderness and rebound tenderness in the lower abdomen. Pelvic examination: a large amount of purulent secretions in the vagina, obvious tenderness in the vault, tenderness and rebound tenderness in the uterus and bilateral adnexa, or thickening of one side of the adnexa.

2. The main manifestations of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease are:

(1) Pain and heaviness in the lower abdomen and soreness in the lumbar region, sometimes accompanied by anal distension and discomfort, which often worsens after fatigue, sexual intercourse, and before and after menstruation.

(2) Due to pelvic congestion, patients may experience symptoms such as increased vaginal discharge, increased menstruation, and dysmenorrhea. When ovarian function is impaired, menstrual disorders may occur, and when the fallopian tubes are blocked by adhesions, infertility may occur.

(3) Systemic symptoms are usually not obvious, but may include low-grade fever and fatigue. Some patients with a longer course of illness may have symptoms of neurasthenia.

(4) During the gynecological examination, there is pain when the cervix is ​​lifted. If it is adnexitis, thickened cord-like objects or pieces of objects may be felt on one or both sides of the uterus, accompanied by mild tenderness. If hydrosalpinx or fallopian tube cyst has formed, a cystic mass may be felt. If it is pelvic connective tissue inflammation, both sides of the uterus may show flake-like thickening and have varying degrees of tenderness.

Pelvic inflammatory disease is an inflammation of the female internal reproductive organs and their surrounding connective tissue, and the pelvic peritoneum. The inflammation can be limited to one site or occur in several sites at the same time. It can be divided into acute and chronic types. Acute pelvic inflammatory disease is mainly caused by pathogens, and the clinical manifestations may vary depending on the severity and extent of the inflammation. Treatment should also take different measures according to different conditions.

Western medicine treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease:

Psychological treatment:

General treatment relieves patients' mental concerns, enhances their confidence in treatment, encourages a balanced diet, increased nutrition, physical exercise, a balance between work and rest, and improves the body's resistance.

Physical therapy:

The benign stimulation of warmth can promote local blood circulation in the pelvic cavity. Improve the nutritional status of tissues and enhance metabolism to facilitate the absorption and disappearance of inflammation. Commonly used ones are shortwave, ultrashort wave, iontophoresis (various drugs such as penicillin, streptomycin, etc. can be added), wax therapy, etc.

Drug treatment:

1. Acute pelvic inflammatory disease

1. Antibiotics: It is advisable to use drugs in combination. It is best to select drugs based on bacterial culture and drug sensitivity tests.

(1) Penicillin G: 2.4 to 10 million units per day, intravenous drip; after the condition improves, reduce to 800,000 to 1.6 million units per day, divided into several intramuscular injections.

(2) Erythromycin: 1-1.5 g per day, intravenous drip, plus kanamycin 0.5 g, twice a day, intramuscular injection.

(3) Gentamycin: 160,000 to 320,000 units per day, intravenous drip or intramuscular injection in 2 to 3 times.

(4) Lincomycin: 0.3-0.6 g each time, 3 times a day, intramuscular injection.

(5) Clindamycin: 0.6 g each time, intravenous drip, once every 6 hours. After the body temperature returns to normal, switch to oral administration, 0.3g each time, once every 6 hours.

2. Provide adequate nutrition and fluid intake to correct electrolyte imbalance and acid-base imbalance.

2. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease

While using antibiotics, 5 mg of α-chymotrypsin or 1500 units of hyaluronic acid can be injected intramuscularly once every other day, with 5 to 10 times as a course of treatment. Antibiotics can also be used at the same time as prednisone, 5 mg of prednisone, orally 3 times a day, and the dosage should be gradually reduced after discontinuation of the drug.

Surgical treatment:

Patients with lumps such as hydrosalpinx or tubo-ovarian cysts can undergo surgical treatment; patients with small foci of infection and repeated inflammation are also suitable for surgical treatment. The principle of surgery is complete cure to avoid recurrence of residual lesions. Unilateral oophorectomy or radical hysterectomy plus bilateral oophorectomy is performed. For young women, ovarian function should be preserved as much as possible. The effect of single therapy for chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is poor, and comprehensive treatment is appropriate.