How to treat ovarian masses? Surgery is the first choice

Ovarian masses originate from female ovaries and are currently a very common tumor, including benign tumors and malignant tumors. The main treatment method is surgery, which is now widely used in clinical practice and is a mature technology.

1. Surgical treatment of benign ovarian masses

(1) Ovarian cystectomy: This procedure is often used in young patients, especially premenopausal patients, while preserving normal ovarian tissue as much as possible.

(2) Salpingo-oophorectomy: Older patients (over 45 years old) or postmenopausal patients can undergo unilateral or bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. It is worth noting that in the surgical treatment of larger ovarian cysts, the size of the incision should be ignored and complete resection is preferred to avoid breaking the patient's pulse and allowing the contents to spill into the abdominal cavity or incision. During the operation, attention should be paid to the rapid changes in abdominal pressure that cause changes in the patient's pulse, breathing, and blood pressure. When necessary, infusion or blood transfusion, oxygen supply should be accelerated, and early detection of acute gastric dilatation, paralytic intestinal obstruction, and the resulting water and electrolyte imbalance should be prevented.

2. Surgical treatment of malignant ovarian masses

(1) Most patients are in the advanced stage when they seek medical treatment, so every effort should be made to remove the primary cyst and any visible pelvic and abdominal metastases. Because malignant ovarian cysts are often adhered or infiltrated with the uterus and adnexa, and are closely attached to the pelvic peritoneum, the uterus and tumor are often removed in one piece along with the pelvic peritoneum in a rolling carpet style, such as omentectomy, partial intestinal resection, partial bladder and ureter resection.

(2) Consider placing a catheter in the peritoneal cavity to facilitate the postoperative intraperitoneal injection of chemotherapy drugs.