How much do you know about ovarian mesocysts?

Ovarian cyst is a type of ovarian tumor, which poses a great threat to women's health. There are many causes of ovarian cyst. If you have this symptom, you must pay attention to it and treat it in time. There are many ways to treat ovarian cysts, surgical treatment is one of them, and daily care should also be paid attention to.

1) Physiological cyst

Women of childbearing age ovulate every month. Before ovulation, the ovary develops to a certain size, and due to changes in hormone levels, it ruptures and the egg comes out. The structure of the ovary also conforms to the morphological characteristics of a "cyst", with a theca membrane on the outside and follicular fluid inside. When it grows large, it can reach 3 to 4 cm in size. This is called a "follicular cyst". After ovulation, the follicle collapses to form a corpus luteum. The shape of the corpus luteum also meets the characteristics of a "cyst", with a layer of membrane on the outside and corpus luteum tissue inside (similar to the structure of a steamed bun). The corpus luteum of menstruation can also grow up to 3cm in size. Sometimes, due to various reasons, the corpus luteum develops abnormally and may become cystic during the regression process. The inside liquefies and fills with fluid, and the outer layer of skin becomes larger and larger, forming a "water cyst"-like structure. Typical cyst manifestations can be seen on ultrasound. This is a typical "corpus luteum cyst." Corpus luteum cysts with a diameter of 10 cm have been seen clinically. This large corpus luteum cyst is often accompanied by irregular menstruation, such as delayed menstruation, prolonged bleeding time, etc. These two types of cysts will generally disappear after a follow-up ultrasound check one month later.

2) Inflammatory

Sometimes women who have had pelvic inflammatory disease will develop adhesions in the pelvis. These membranous adhesions surround each other and form a sphere, which contains inflammatory fluid. Ultrasound will also tell you that this is a "cyst". Clinically, we call this an "inflammatory mass". For this type of "cyst", active anti-inflammatory treatment is usually considered first. Surgical exploration is only considered when anti-inflammatory treatment is ineffective. A reality that patients need to accept is that inflammatory masses may recur after treatment, whether with medication or surgery. But I haven't heard of cancer yet.

3) Tumor

This type of cyst is the most classic explanation of cysts we treat clinically. It is caused by ovarian cell disease, which has the same pathogenesis as tumors. Due to the complex tissue composition of the ovary, there are many types of such cysts, most of which are benign, and a few are malignant (cancer).

Ovarian tumor masses may be cystic (fluid inside) or cystic-solid (contains fluid and solid), and ultrasound may indicate they are "cysts" or "cystic-solid mass". Some are solid (no fluid inside), and ultrasound suggests they are "pelvic mass" or "adnexal mass" or "space occupying mass".

Here are some types of ovarian tumors: mesangial cyst (cystic), teratoma (cystic or cystic-solid), serous cystadenoma (cystic), mucinous cystadenoma (cystic), granulosa cell tumor (solid), theca cell tumor (solid), fibroma (solid), serous cystadenocarcinoma (cystic, cystic-solid), mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (cystic, cystic-solid), endometrioid adenocarcinoma (cystic)…………

4) Hemorrhagic

It is usually secondary to follicular cyst or corpus luteum cyst, which is clinically known as follicular rupture or corpus luteum rupture. Because blood clots may form inside, the mass may appear "mixed" on ultrasound.

5) Chocolate Cyst

Its cause is that endometrial cells appear on the ovaries, causing bleeding every month during menstruation, and the bleeding accumulates in the sac to form a cyst. With repeated bleeding, the cyst will become larger and larger, and the blood inside will become old and mixed with some secretions from the endometrial glandular epithelium to form a viscous chocolate-colored liquid, so we call it a "chocolate cyst." But its real name should be "endometriosis cyst". Because the cyst contains hemosiderin and the cystic fluid is viscous, ultrasound will generally show "full of dot-like weak echoes."