What is malignant invasive hydatidiform mole?

The so-called invasive hydatidiform mole is actually a type of hydatidiform mole. The main feature is that the hydatidiform mole has entered the myometrium of the uterus and may have metastasized to other places outside the uterus. Generally speaking, malignant invasive hydatidiform mole often develops from benign hydatidiform mole. Within six months after a hydatidiform mole is cleared through treatment, a malignant invasive hydatidiform mole may develop.

Symptoms of invasive hydatidiform mole: irregular vaginal bleeding 3-4 weeks after the hydatidiform mole is expelled; gynecological examination reveals persistent vaginal metastatic nodules, enlarged uterus, parauterine masses, and ovarian lutein cysts; the uterus is pierced by tumor tissue and there are signs of internal bleeding; hemoptysis, cough, metastatic nodules can be seen on chest X-ray, headache, coma, hemiplegia, and convulsions.

The diagnostic basis for invasive hydatidiform mole: irregular vaginal bleeding, hemoptysis, cough, headache, vomiting, hemiplegia, etc. within six months after uterine curettage of hydatidiform mole; purple-blue metastatic nodules can be seen on the vaginal wall; enlarged uterus, parauterine mass, ovarian lutein cyst; blood and urine hCG levels change from low to high, or from negative to positive; multiple cotton-like shadows can be seen on chest X-ray; space-occupying lesions are found on skull section or CT; pathological examination of the primary or metastatic source can show active trophoblast proliferation, large amounts of necrosis and bleeding in the tissue, but villous structure can be seen. In addition, in stage I invasive mole, the source of the disease is limited to the uterus, in stage II the source of the disease metastasizes nearby, such as the parauterine, adnexa and vagina, in stage III the source of the disease metastasizes to the lungs, and in stage IV the source of the disease metastasizes throughout the body.

For invasive hydatidiform mole, surgical treatment often has little effect. The main treatment method is chemotherapy, such as combined chemotherapy. Compared with malignant invasive hydatidiform mole, surgery is only an auxiliary treatment measure. With the continuous development of modern medical technology, the condition of patients with malignant invasive hydatidiform mole can be greatly improved after treatment.