Afraid of heart disease, experts tell you how to check

In the outpatient clinic, we often encounter patients asking, "Doctor, my physical examination results are good every year, why did I have heart disease?" Today we will talk about how to have a physical examination if you are afraid of heart disease.

Illustration: After a brief period of ventricular tachycardia, the heart suddenly stops and becomes a straight line

In fact, the heart is very fragile, it needs our careful care, and we need to intervene in high-risk factors in advance. For the doctor, you are having a physical examination, but the content of your physical examination is not what the cardiologist needs.

In the Healthy China 2030 Outline, the country clearly proposed that by 2030, the mortality rate caused by four major chronic non-communicable diseases (including cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, and chronic respiratory diseases) will be reduced by 30% compared with 2015. Cardiovascular diseases cause as many as 4 million deaths each year, so primary prevention is crucial.

What is primary prevention? It means preventing disease before it occurs, making preparations before the disease occurs, and cutting off high-risk factors at an early stage.

One of the key points of physical examination is hypertension. Hypertension is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. There are more than 270 million people with hypertension in my country, but it is too hidden. Many patients have no symptoms. The famous three giants of World War II, "Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin", all died of complications from hypertension.

Who are the people at risk of hypertension? 1. Aged 45 and above; 2. Overweight and obese; 3. Long-term heavy smoking or passive second-hand smoke; 4. Long-term heavy drinking; 5. Family history of hypertension; 6. Lack of exercise; 7. Diabetic patients.

The key to physical examination is high uric acid. Hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and it is also related to the risk of atrial fibrillation. Some friends say that my uric acid has been high for several years, but I don’t feel uncomfortable and don’t need to take medicine. This is a dangerous idea. If you check the joints of your body, the facts will surprise you.

The key to physical examination is hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemia is an important driver of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and it is also the key to the treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Controlling blood lipids can effectively reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease and myocardial infarction. Some patients say that my blood lipids are normal. The specialist will tell you that different vascular disease risk stratifications have different blood lipid targets, and reaching the target value is more effective.

Key point of physical examination: diabetes. Diabetes is the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Some friends said that my blood sugar level was not high during physical examination, how come I suddenly have diabetes? I want to tell my patients that some blood sugar levels are high when fasting, and some are high after meals. However, our general physical examinations often only check fasting blood sugar, so you may miss the best treatment opportunity.

The key to physical examination is homocysteine. Homocysteine ​​is related to the formation of atherosclerosis, which can increase cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, so it is an indispensable item.

Illustration: Let heart disease stay away from everyone, and bloom brilliantly even in the cracks

Friends, have you learned how to do a physical examination?