Cervical insufficiency examination process

If a woman wants to know whether her cervical function is perfect, she definitely cannot do it by herself. She must go to the hospital for a detailed examination. Currently, there are detailed examination methods on the airline tickets, such as color Doppler ultrasound examination, which is a more common one.

Cervical examination: During non-pregnancy, palpation of the cervix shows that the cervical muscle wall is short and relatively loose, and a No. 8 Hegar dilator can pass through the internal cervical os without friction, which is a simple method to diagnose cervical insufficiency.

Foley tube extension test: Place the Foley tube into the uterine cavity and inject 1 ml of water into the tube bag to make its diameter reach 6 mm. If it can be easily stretched out of the uterine cavity (driving force less than 600 mg), it means abnormal cervical insufficiency and should be further diagnosed.

Hysterography: According to reports, the average diameter of the isthmus of the uterus under normal conditions is 2.63 mm, but the average diameter of the muscle wall of patients with cervical insufficiency increases, and the angle of the cervical canal in the lower part of the uterus disappears.

Color Doppler ultrasound examination: Abdominal, perineal or intravaginal ultrasound is the most common and reasonable way to diagnose cervical insufficiency during pregnancy. During the second trimester, an internal cervical os diameter of ≤19 mm can rule out cervical insufficiency, while a diameter of ≥23 mm can confirm the diagnosis. The placenta enters the internal cervical os in a bird-beak or funnel-shaped shape, which is also one of the ultrasound images for diagnosing cervical insufficiency. This sign often appears before the cervix is ​​reduced. A cervical length of >30 mm is normal; a length of >20 mm indicates that the cervix is ​​significantly shortened, indicating miscarriage or premature birth.

Some experts and scholars believe that the internal cervical os plays a multifunctional dilating function during pregnancy, and the dilating function of the internal cervical os is weakened in patients with subclinical uterine contractions or hypotonic internal cervical os. In addition, bromelain and papain can relax the cervix. The cervix is ​​incompletely functioning and cannot bear the increase in uterine cavity pressure as pregnancy progresses. It often causes spontaneous rupture of the amniotic membrane and miscarriage in the late pregnancy, and can expel completely normal embryo tissue.