What is the nursing method for gynecological laparoscopic surgery?

Laparoscopic surgery is a type of surgery with a very wide coverage. For example, some people who suffer from severe spleen diseases need to have their spleen removed. At this time, they can undergo laparoscopic surgery. In addition, for many gynecological diseases in women, such as ectopic pregnancy, the treatment method is also laparoscopic surgery. This type of surgery is called gynecological laparoscopic surgery. The surgery will inevitably leave wounds, so wound care is very important.

Gynecological laparoscopic surgery care:

Preoperative care:

1. Psychological care: The operating room nurse should visit the ward one day before the operation to introduce the advantages, operation steps and precautions of laparoscopic surgery to the patient and family members, so that they can understand the advanced nature of laparoscopic treatment, strengthen psychological care, eliminate doubts, reduce fear, and reduce stress response. Nursing staff should comply with the following ethical requirements during preoperative care: ① Be familiar with the nursing plan for laparoscopic surgery; ② Strengthen doctor-patient and nurse-patient communication; ③ Optimize the surgical environment and make good preoperative preparations; ④ Adhere to the checking system to avoid errors and accidents; ⑤ Tell the patient that comfort will be strengthened during the operation to protect women's privacy and self-esteem.

2. Preoperative evaluation: Before the operation, various auxiliary laboratory tests should be completed, gynecological physical examinations should be performed, etc. It is best for the operating room nurse to visit the surgical patients together with the anesthesiologist, cooperate with the anesthesiologist to conduct ASA grading, conduct nursing assessments, and communicate with the surgeon to inquire whether there are any special needs for surgical instruments during the operation, so as to facilitate advance preparation.

Postoperative care:

After the operation, when the patient returns to the ward, the breathing rhythm and frequency of the patient under general anesthesia are closely observed, and the head is tilted to one side. If vomiting occurs, the vomitus should be cleared in time to avoid airway obstruction and aspiration pneumonia. Immediately give the patient oxygen inhalation, keep the patient warm, avoid excessive exposure, explain the situation to the patient's accompanying family members, and ask them to cooperate with nursing care. In addition to basic care, catheter care, dietary care, incision care, and infection control, complications related to laparoscopy must also be closely observed. Since laparoscopy is performed under two-dimensional imaging, the surgical space is small, and electrical instruments are used during the operation, the occurrence of complications is difficult to avoid. Common complications include subcutaneous emphysema, subcutaneous congestion, intra-abdominal hemorrhage, abdominal wall vascular injury and abdominal organ injury. Severe complications such as vascular injury, important organ injury and pulmonary embolism, although with extremely low incidence, can cause serious harm to patients and even endanger their lives if not treated in time. Other complications include shoulder pain, lower limb thrombosis, and excessive bleeding from abdominal wall incisions. Nursing tips: After the operation, gently apply pressure to the abdominal wall to expel carbon dioxide. When shoulder pain is severe, the patient can take the "knee-chest position" to allow carbon dioxide to rise and gather in the pelvic cavity to reduce stimulation to the diaphragm. After the operation, the patient should be guided to move his limbs more in bed, avoid sitting up too quickly, and be advised to turn over more often. After the catheter is removed, the patient should get out of bed and move around as soon as possible to increase blood circulation and prevent venous thrombosis. When the pain is severe, give painkillers and keep the head low and feet high.