Is the success rate for complete placenta previa high?

Complete placenta previa refers to a placental reaction in women after early pregnancy. After a woman becomes pregnant, placenta previa can easily lead to bleeding, or a small amount of vaginal bleeding. Generally, timely care will have a higher success rate if no vaginal bleeding occurs. If a pregnant woman develops this condition, it may cause miscarriage, or heavy bleeding may occur, which can easily cause the pregnant woman to fall into a coma.

Is the success rate for complete placenta previa high?

Complete placenta previa, or central placenta previa, is a type of placenta previa. That is, the internal os of the cervix is ​​completely covered by placental tissue. The clinical characteristics of placenta previa are painless, unprovoked, recurrent vaginal bleeding. When complete placenta previa occurs, the first bleeding occurs early, usually at 28 weeks of pregnancy, and is recurrent, frequent, and with a large amount of bleeding. Sometimes a single heavy bleeding can put the pregnant woman into a state of shock. Type B ultrasound examination can clearly show the relationship between the placenta and the internal os of the cervix with a high accuracy rate. However, if the gestational age is early and there is no vaginal bleeding during the examination, expectant management can be adopted, that is, regular follow-up B-type ultrasound examinations. If there is a lot of vaginal bleeding, or even if there is not much vaginal bleeding but the pregnancy has reached 37 weeks and examination shows that the fetus is mature, the pregnancy should be ended by cesarean section.

Causes of placenta previa

At present, the cause of placenta previa is not clear, but it is common in older pregnant women, multiparous women, women who smoke or take drugs, all of whom are high-risk groups. The factors of placenta previa may be related to the following reasons.

1. Endometrial damage or lesions. An imperfect endometrium, puerperal infection, multiple births, IUD insertion, repeated artificial abortions, multiple curettages, cesarean sections and other surgeries can cause endometritis, endometrial defects and insufficient blood supply. In order to absorb sufficient nutrients, the placenta compensatorily expands its area and extends to the lower segment of the uterus. The vast majority of patients with placenta previa are multiparous women.

2. Abnormal placenta. In multiple pregnancies, the placenta is larger and extends to the lower part of the uterus, so the incidence of placenta previa is twice as high as in single pregnancies.

3. The trophoblast of the fertilized egg is slow to develop. When the fertilized egg reaches the uterine cavity, the trophoblast has not yet developed to the stage where it can implant, and it continues to move downward and implants in the lower part of the uterus to form a placenta previa.

Symptoms of placenta previa

1. Vaginal bleeding

The main symptom of placenta previa is unprovoked, painless, recurrent vaginal bleeding in late pregnancy or during labor. The amount of initial bleeding is generally not much. After the previa is separated from its attachment point and the blood coagulates, the bleeding can stop temporarily. Occasionally, there are cases where the amount of initial bleeding is large. As the lower segment of the uterus gradually lengthens, bleeding may occur repeatedly and the amount of bleeding increases.

The time of occurrence of vaginal bleeding, the number of times it recurs, and the amount of bleeding are closely related to the type of placenta previa.

Complete placenta previa: The first bleeding occurs early, usually around 28 weeks of pregnancy, with frequent bleeding and heavy bleeding.

Marginal placenta previa: The first bleeding occurs later, mostly in the late pregnancy or after delivery, and the amount of bleeding is less.

Partial placenta previa: The time of first bleeding and the amount of bleeding are between the above two. For patients with partial or marginal placenta previa, rupture of membranes is beneficial to the compression of the placenta by the fetal presenting part. If the fetal presenting part can descend quickly after rupture of membranes and directly compress the placenta, the bleeding can stop.

2. Anemia and shock

Due to repeated or heavy vaginal bleeding, the patient may develop anemia. The degree of anemia is proportional to the amount of bleeding. Severe bleeding may cause shock, fetal hypoxia, distress, or even death. Sometimes, small, persistent bleeding can have serious consequences.

3. Pale complexion

The patient's general condition depends on the amount of bleeding. When there is heavy bleeding, the patient may experience shock symptoms such as pale complexion, weak pulse, and low blood pressure.