How is vulvar candidiasis diagnosed?

When the vagina is inflamed, it is mostly vaginal candidiasis. Patients with vaginal candidiasis will have red, swollen, and damaged skin, and there will be bleeding spots accompanied by small blood spots. The infection of candidiasis will cause the vaginal membrane to turn white and white spots to appear over time, and the vaginal secretions will increase, accompanied by purulent fluid. There are many pathogenic factors of the disease, which requires examination and treatment.

How is vulvovaginal candidiasis diagnosed?

How is vulvovaginal candidiasis diagnosed? The clinical symptoms of genital candidiasis vary, so the diagnosis should be based on the corresponding clinical characteristics and combined with mycological examination. Given that Candida is a resident bacterium in the human body, a positive culture result or a small number of spores seen under microscopic examination only indicates the presence of Candida, and cannot be diagnosed as candidiasis. Only when a large number of spores, pseudohyphae or hyphae are seen under microscopic examination can it be said that the bacteria are in a pathogenic state. If necessary, a pathological examination can be performed and a diagnosis can be made if fungi invade the tissue.

Physical examination may reveal redness and edema of the vulva, scattered scratches or epidermal exfoliation. In patients with chronic infection, the vulvar skin may become thickened and lichenified. The vaginal mucosa is congested, red, swollen or eroded, there is white curd-like or bean dregs-like secretion in the vagina, and there is a white film-like substance attached to the vaginal wall. The pH of vaginal secretions is generally normal. ① Simple vulvovaginal candidiasis refers to vulvovaginitis caused by Candida albicans infection in women. The main symptoms are itching and burning pain of the vulva. In severe cases, there are symptoms such as restlessness, urgency and frequency of urination. Generally, the symptoms are mild or moderate. It is more common in women, but children can also get the disease. It is a common inflammatory disease of female reproductive tract infection. At present, the incidence of this disease is increasing, becoming the main cause of increased leucorrhea. ② Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis refers to women suffering from simple Candida vulvovaginitis. After treatment, the clinical symptoms and signs disappear, and the fungal examination is negative. However, the symptoms reappear and the fungal examination is positive again. This can be called recurrence of Candida vulvovaginitis.

How is vulvovaginal candidiasis diagnosed? Symptoms of vulvovaginal candidiasis

(1) Symptoms: vulvar itching or irritation, increased vaginal discharge.

(2) Physical signs: redness and swelling of the vulva, scattered scratches or epidermal exfoliation. In patients with chronic infection, the vulva skin becomes thickened and lichenified. The vaginal mucosa becomes congested, red, swollen or eroded, and the vaginal discharge is cheese-like or okara-like.

(3) Laboratory examination: Microscopic examination showed positive pseudohyphae or blastospores; Candida culture was positive.

How is vulvovaginal candidiasis diagnosed? A clinical diagnosis of vulvovaginal candidiasis can be made in patients with typical vulvovaginal symptoms and signs. A clear diagnosis can be made for patients who also have any of the indicators in the laboratory test.