Gardnerella vaginalis

Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) was first extracted by Gardner in 1954 from female secretions of patients with vaginitis and was associated with nonspecific vaginitis. Over the past few decades, studies by experts and scholars from all over the world have shown that the bacteria can also cause a variety of diseases such as cervicitis, unclean abortion, postoperative infection, urethral infection, etc. It is a newly known pathogen of reproductive tract infection and a conditional pathogen. Because the nutrient requirements of this bacterium were high when it was first isolated, it is rarely cultivated in clinical laboratories.

There have been many reports overseas in recent years on the causes of vaginal Gardnerella Vaginalis (GV) and "nonspecific vaginitis" (NSV). Although the taxonomy and treatment of bacteria have been clarified at this stage, the clinical epidemiology of related infections, the abundance of asymptomatic bacteria and the pathogenesis still need further response. As early as 1950, LeOPld studied patients with prostatitis in men and cervicitis in women. The vaginal Gardnerella pathogen was isolated. It is caused by the pathogen Streptococcus Gardneri and can be transmitted through sexual intercourse. In people with sexual disorder, Gardnerella vaginitis has a high prevalence rate. Infection caused by Streptococcus Gardneri is common in sexually active women. Acute symptoms include excessive vaginal discharge with a fishy or ammonia odor, a damp and uncomfortable feeling in the vulva, often accompanied by a burning sensation in the vagina, pain during intercourse, and vulvar itching.

Gardnerella vaginalis

Gardnerella vaginalis (GV) is the bacteria that causes the bacterial infection vaginalis (BV). Its onset may be related to the interaction with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In addition to causing BV, GV can also cause premature birth, puerperal fever, neonatal sepsis, chorioamnionitis, postpartum sepsis, sepsis, urinary tract infection, perinephric cysts and cystitis. GV is a pathogen with a size of 1.5 to 2.5 μm, pleomorphic, no capsule, no microvilli, and unstable Gram staining. It does not grow on ordinary agar medium, but grows on blood agar medium and chocolate medium, but does not require x factor, V factor, or coenzyme factors.

Facultative anaerobic, it is easy to grow in an environment with sufficient CO2. The suitable temperature for growth and development is 35-37℃, and the pH is 6.0-6.5. S-type bacteria are β-hemolytic. Catalase was negative, antimycin was negative, and GC2 was 43±1mol%. At present, the culture media commonly used to isolate GV in various countries around the world include: (1) vaginal (V) agar culture medium, (2) Caseman solid culture medium, (3) GC chocolate agar culture medium, (4) (containing Tween 80) two-layer human blood agar culture medium (BHT), (5) improved human blood agar culture medium, etc. The identification culture media include: (1) identification culture medium prepared with caseman basic culture medium, (2) identification culture medium prepared with GC basic culture medium, etc.