What are the symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease in women

Pelvic inflammatory disease is a common type of inflammation among women. According to the specific circumstances of the disease, pelvic inflammatory disease can be divided into acute pelvic inflammatory disease and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. The specific symptoms of the two are different. Of course, no matter which type of pelvic inflammatory disease it is, it needs to be treated in time, otherwise it will bring greater health risks to the patient. Here I will introduce you to some relevant knowledge about pelvic inflammatory disease!

1. What is pelvic inflammatory disease

Pelvic inflammatory disease refers to a group of infectious diseases of the female upper reproductive tract, mainly including endometritis, salpingitis, tubo-ovarian abscess, and pelvic peritonitis. Inflammation can be limited to one part or affect several parts at the same time, with salpingitis and salpingo-oophoritis being the most common.

Pelvic inflammatory disease often occurs in sexually active, menstruating women. It rarely occurs in women before menarche, women who have no sexual life, and women after menopause. Even if it occurs, it often spreads inflammation to adjacent organs. If pelvic inflammatory disease is not treated promptly and thoroughly, it can lead to infertility, tubal pregnancy, chronic pelvic pain, and repeated inflammatory attacks, which will seriously affect women's reproductive health and increase the family and socioeconomic burden.

2. Symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease

1. Acute pelvic inflammation

The symptoms are lower abdominal pain, fever, increased vaginal discharge, and persistent abdominal pain that worsens after activity or sexual intercourse. If the condition is severe, there may be chills, high fever, headache, and loss of appetite. Those who develop the disease during menstruation may experience increased menstrual flow and prolonged menstrual period. If pelvic inflammatory disease forms a pelvic abscess, it may cause local compression symptoms. Compression of the bladder may cause frequent urination, painful urination, and difficulty urinating; compression of the rectum may cause frequent urge to defecate and a feeling of incomplete defecation after defecation, as well as symptoms of diarrhea or constipation. Further development of acute pelvic inflammatory disease can cause diffuse peritonitis, sepsis, septic shock, and in severe cases can be life-threatening.

2. Chronic pelvic inflammation

It is caused by the failure to thoroughly treat acute pelvic inflammatory disease or the patient's poor physical condition and prolonged course of the disease. The symptoms of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease are lower abdominal distension, pain and lumbar and sacral soreness, which are often aggravated by fatigue, after sexual intercourse, and before and after menstruation. The second is abnormal menstruation and irregular menstruation. When the disease lasts for a long time, some women may experience symptoms of neurasthenia such as lack of energy, general discomfort, and insomnia. It often takes a long time to heal and recurs repeatedly, leading to infertility and fallopian tube pregnancy, seriously affecting women's health.

3. What causes pelvic inflammatory disease?

1. Age: According to data, the peak age for pelvic inflammatory disease is 15-25 years old. The susceptibility of young women to pelvic inflammatory disease may be related to frequent sexual activity, cervical columnar epithelium ectopia, and poor mechanical defense function of cervical mucus.

2. Sexual activity: Pelvic inflammatory disease often occurs in sexually active women, especially those who have their first sexual intercourse at a young age, have multiple sexual partners, have sexual intercourse too frequently, or whose sexual partners have sexually transmitted diseases.

3. Lower genital tract infection: Lower genital tract infections such as gonorrheal Neisseria cervicitis, chlamydial cervicitis and bacterial vaginosis are closely related to the occurrence of pelvic inflammatory disease.

4. Infection after intrauterine surgical operation: such as curettage, fallopian tube insufflation, hysterosalpingography, hysteroscopy, etc., due to the damage, bleeding and necrosis of the reproductive tract mucosa caused by the operation, endogenous pathogens of the lower reproductive tract may ascend and infect.