What does right breast calcification mean?

Right breast calcification is a physiological hyperplasia or disorder of breast tissue structure. The main cause of the disease is ovarian endocrine disorders and unreasonable breastfeeding and living habits, so female friends should protect their breasts well. The symptom of right breast calcification can cause breast damage and swelling, as well as breast infection. For specific examination methods and treatments, please refer to the contents of this article.

Among breast lesions, there is a very common group of non-inflammatory, non-neoplastic lesions characterized by varying degrees of hyperplasia of the breast parenchyma and stroma.

Causes and common diseases:

The pathogenesis is the structural disorder of breast tissue caused by physiological hyperplasia and incomplete involution. The main causes of the disease include: ovarian endocrine imbalance, unreasonable pregnancy history, breastfeeding history, mental factors and lifestyle habits, etc. There are two types of breast calcifications: macrocalcifications and microcalcifications. Macrocalcifications are usually degenerative changes inside the breast, usually caused by past injury or inflammation, and are usually not related to cancer. Microcalcification may find calcium spots at sites of rapidly disintegrating cells. These remnants left behind by rapidly decomposing cells can appear as microcalcifications. When it appears in large numbers, it indicates the possibility of a small tumor.

Differential diagnosis:

When palpated, the texture is hard, the surface is not smooth, and it is lobed. In addition, if accompanied by local purulent infection, it may cause enlargement of the axillary lymph nodes. At the same time, the infection involving the skin on the surface of the tumor may also cause orange peel-like changes. The tumor and inflammation involve the mammary ducts, causing organization and fibrosis, leading to nipple retraction. The main clinical manifestations are cyclical breast pain and breast lumps. About 10% of patients have a history of nipple discharge, most of which are serous and a few are bloody. Cyclic breast tenderness begins about one week before menstruation. The pain is characterized by breast (unilateral or bilateral) swelling, tingling, tenderness, etc. The pain may be aggravated by emotion or fatigue, and the pain is relieved after menstruation. However, this regularity is not obvious in some patients.

examine:

(I) Mammary molybdenum palladium radiography examination:

Mammography, full name mammography X-ray examination, also known as molybdenum-palladium examination, is the preferred, simplest and most reliable non-invasive detection method for diagnosing breast diseases. It is relatively less painful, simple and easy to perform, with high resolution and good repeatability. The images retained can be used for before and after comparison, and are not restricted by age or body shape. It has now become a routine examination. Its characteristic is that it can detect breast lumps that doctors cannot feel, especially for large breasts and fatty breasts, and its diagnostic accuracy can be as high as 95%.

(ii) Ultrasound examination:

It has the advantages of being non-invasive, fast, and highly repeatable, and can clearly show the morphology, internal structure, and changes in adjacent tissues of each layer of breast soft tissue and the masses therein. Since it is non-radioactive, it can be used for breast examination in women of any age, especially pregnant and lactating women. It can be used as a compensatory examination for areas that are difficult to irradiate with X-rays (such as the breast edge), and can better display the location, shape, and structure of the tumor. For denser breasts, when lumps are difficult to discern even if they are present, ultrasound can use the differences in sound wave interface reflections to clearly display the outline and shape of the lesion.

(III) Cytological examination:

Needle aspiration cytology and biopsy are effective methods to prevent delayed diagnosis, provide early treatment, and improve survival rate, with a diagnosis rate of up to 66%. A fine needle should be used for aspiration cytology to avoid causing breast fistula in non-cancerous cases.

Treatment principles:

Adequate individualized psychological and drug intervention, combined with necessary biopsy and appropriate surgical resection is an effective treatment model for fibrocystic breast disease. Treatment should be tailored to different clinical manifestations and pathological types. For those with mild to moderate pain, psychological counseling and changing lifestyle habits are the main treatments. For patients with persistent severe breast pain, drug treatment can be given. However, it should be noted that drug treatment cannot effectively alleviate the pathological changes of breast hyperplasia and cannot have a radical cure.

For thin-walled cysts revealed by ultrasound, fine needle aspiration is the treatment of choice. If the aspirated fluid is bloody or ultrasound examination indicates a complex cyst, one should be alert to breast malignancy. It is recommended to perform cytological examination of the bloody aspirated fluid or pathological examination of the lesion site.

The lesions of breast hyperplasia are mostly diffuse, and local surgical resection cannot solve the fundamental problem. The disease itself has no indication for surgical treatment. The main purpose of surgical intervention is to avoid missed diagnosis or misdiagnosis of breast cancer, or to remove suspicious lesions. It should be noted that when patients have atypical hyperplasia, it should become the focus of clinical prevention. There are three main prevention methods: close follow-up, drug intervention and surgical intervention.