Hypothalamic pituitary amenorrhea

For a girl, menstruation marks her growth as a woman. Generally, menstruation is mainly regulated by the ovaries, hypothalamus-pituitary gland and central nervous system. Any abnormality in any part will affect menstruation. In fact, amenorrhea caused by the hypothalamus and pituitary is called hypothalamic pituitary amenorrhea. Hypothalamic pituitary amenorrhea is mainly caused by stimulation, mental stress, cold, etc.

Normal menstruation is controlled by the mutual regulation between the central nervous system, hypothalamus-anterior pituitary and ovarian function. When any factor directly or indirectly affects the hypothalamic-pituitary function, resulting in hypothalamic secretion of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and anterior pituitary secretion of gonadotropin, which in turn affects ovarian function and causes menopause for more than 3 months, it is called hypothalamic-pituitary amenorrhea.

1. Atresia of the lower reproductive tract. For example, there is congenital atresia in some parts of the cervix, vagina, hymen, labia, etc., or adhesive atresia caused by acquired damage. Although menstruation occurs, the menstrual blood cannot flow out. This condition is called hidden or pseudo-amenorrhea. Lower reproductive tract atresia can be completely cured with medical treatment.

2. The genitals are incomplete or underdeveloped. Some people are born without ovaries, or their ovaries are underdeveloped or even damaged, and cannot produce estrogen and progesterone. Therefore, the endometrium cannot undergo cyclical changes, and there will be no endometrial shedding, so there will be no menstruation. Some women are born without a uterus, or have endometrial hypoplasia or endometrial damage. Even if their ovaries are functioning well and the secretion of estrogen and progesterone is normal, they will not have menstruation.

3. Disease. It mainly includes wasting diseases, such as severe pulmonary tuberculosis, severe anemia, malnutrition, etc., unique endocrine diseases, such as obesity, reproductive incompetence, malnutrition, etc.; the influence of some endocrine disorders in the body, such as dysfunction of the adrenal glands, thyroid glands, pancreas, etc. The influence of these reasons may cause menstruation to stop.

4. Abnormal function of the pituitary gland or hypothalamus. The pituitary gland can secrete gonadotropin. Gonadotropin regulates ovarian function and maintains menstruation. If the pituitary gland is dysfunctional, it will affect the secretion of gonadotropin, which in turn affects the function of the ovaries. Abnormal ovarian function will cause amenorrhea.