What is the normal heart rate for women?

We have had many physical examinations since we were young, both collectively and voluntarily. Physical examination items generally include female physical examination items and male physical examination items. The specific examinations to be performed depend on the individual's specific circumstances. There are many items in the physical examination, and heart rate must be measured during the examination. The standards for normal heart rate are also different for different genders. So what is the normal heart rate for women?

The number of heartbeats per minute of a normal person in a quiet state, also called the resting heart rate, is generally 60 to 100 beats per minute, which may vary from person to person due to age, gender or other physiological factors. Generally speaking, the younger the age, the faster the heart rate. The elderly have a slower heart rate than the young, and women have a faster heart rate than men of the same age. These are all normal physiological phenomena.

Heart rate and blood pressure are two important indicators in human health checks. In layman's terms, heart rate is the frequency of heart beats, and blood pressure is the pressure of blood on blood vessels. The normal heart rate (pulse) of the human body is between 60 and 100 beats per minute for men; the normal heart rate of women is slightly narrower than that of men, at 70 to 90 beats per minute.

Many people experience sinus bradycardia with irregular heartbeats, which is normal for most people and there is no need to worry too much. Sinus bradycardia refers to a person with a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute. Whether this symptom will occur depends on the frequency of the bradycardia and the cause of the bradycardia.

When in a resting state, an adult's heart rate will generally not show obvious symptoms if it is between 50 and 60 beats per minute. Especially some well-trained athletes and people who engage in physical labor for a long time will not show obvious symptoms even if their heart rate is around 40 beats/minute in a quiet state.

However, if the average person's heart rate is between 40 and 50 beats per minute, they will experience symptoms such as chest tightness, fatigue, and dizziness. If the heart rate drops to 35 to 40 beats per minute, hemodynamic changes will occur, affecting the blood supply to the heart and brain, resulting in chest tightness, dizziness, syncope, and even sudden death.

If you do not feel any discomfort, you do not need to pay attention to the "sinus bradycardia with irregularity" mentioned in the electrocardiogram. However, if you experience symptoms such as chest tightness, fatigue, dizziness, etc., you should go to the hospital immediately for further examination, such as dynamic electrocardiogram, cardiac color ultrasound, etc., to understand the cause of bradycardia. If the heartbeat is too slow, a pacemaker can be installed to relieve the symptoms and improve the prognosis.

So what are the causes of sinus bradycardia?

1. Extracardiac causes

Most of them act through neural and humoral mechanisms via extracardiac nerves, or directly act on the sinoatrial node to cause sinus bradycardia.

(1) Physiologically, during normal sleep, sinus bradycardia may occur due to increased vagus nerve tension, and the heart rate may be around 50 beats/minute, and in some cases around 40 beats/minute. Athletes can breathe about 50 times per minute during the day and as low as 38 times per minute at night. Sinus bradycardia is also common in manual laborers. It can be seen in young and old people.

(2) Increased excitability of the vagus nerve center, such as increased intracranial pressure caused by meningitis, cerebral hemorrhage, brain tumors, encephalitis, brain trauma, jaundice, neurosis, vasoinhibitory collapse and schizophrenia, leads to vagus nerve excitement, reduced sinoatrial node autonomy and sinus bradycardia.

(3) Reflex vagal excitation, such as compression of the eyeball, pressing the carotid sinus, irritation of the pharynx, nausea and vomiting, breath holding, swallowing, severe coughing, anxiety, doing Valsalva maneuvers and Muller maneuvers, can also be seen in diseases such as gastric dilatation, intestinal obstruction, urinary tract stones, and gallstones, which can cause reflex vagal excitation and induce sinus bradycardia.

(4) Reduced metabolism, such as hypothermia, severe malnutrition cachexia, hypopituitarism, hypothyroidism, etc.

(5) Drug-induced: Certain drugs can increase the excitability of the vagus nerve or directly inhibit the function of the sinus node and cause sinus bradycardia, such as antihypertensive drugs such as reserpine, guanethidine, beta-blockers, digitalis, quinidine, procainamide, phenytoin sodium, sedatives, neostigmine and anesthetics.

(6) The critical stage or recovery period of certain infectious diseases such as typhoid fever, diphtheria, influenza, etc.

(7) Those with electrolyte imbalance, hyperkalemia, uremia, or changes in blood acidity and alkalinity.

(8) Peptic ulcer