Squamous cell lesions of the cervix

Cervical squamous cell lesions are a very common phenomenon among women. Generally speaking, if this lesion exists, it is very likely to cause women to develop cervical cancer. Cervical cancer poses a great threat to women's health. If the disease is serious, it may even pose a certain threat to human life. Below, we will introduce the relevant knowledge about cervical squamous cell lesions in detail.

The term CIN was widely used as a pathological diagnosis in the 1970s and 1980s. However, a large number of studies in the past 20 years have revealed that cervical cancer and precancerous lesions are related to HPV infection. Further studies have found that CIN

It is not a single continuous lesion of varying degrees, but can be divided into two types of lesions with significantly different clinical pathological processes: low-grade lesions and high-grade lesions.

The lesions always occur at the squamocolumnar junction (transition zone), so if the transition zone is not seen in the section, it is necessary to inform the clinician;

Most LSILs regress, with only a few continuing to progress, while HSILs are often accompanied by high-risk HPV infection and are more likely to develop into cancer; the time it takes for SIL to develop into cancer can be as long as several years to 20 years;

Although it is very important to distinguish between LSIL and HSIL, in terms of tissue morphology, the two are continuous lesions without a clear dividing line. There are always individual cases at the intersection, making it difficult for the diagnostician to make a decision.

3. Principles of treatment of cervical squamous epithelial lesions

Based on the cytology of the cervical smear, decide whether to do a colposcopy and biopsy, as well as HPV DNA testing, and then decide based on the above results whether to follow up, cryosurgery, laser excision or cone excision. Gynecology and obstetrics have a complex flowchart for different treatments of different lesions; see Blaustein's Pathology of the Female Genital Tract, fifth Edition.

Reactive changes, such as loosening of squamous epithelial cytoplasm and spongiosis in the epithelial layer during inflammation;

Changes after radiotherapy: nuclear atypia, but cells are sparse and not crowded, nuclear chromatin is unclear, cytoplasm is degenerated, vacuoles are visible, and most importantly, the nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio is not high;

Senile changes: The entire layer of cells atrophies and becomes smaller, with vacuoles in the nucleus. Caution should be exercised when diagnosing cervical biopsy in postmenopausal women;

Adenoid basal cell carcinoma, easily misdiagnosed as HSIL;

Sometimes, clusters of tissue cells connected in sheets may be misdiagnosed as HSIL.