What are estrogen and progesterone drugs?

As the name suggests, estrogen drugs are a type of drug that can stimulate the secretion of estrogen in the female body. Generally, doctors will only recommend estrogen drug supplementation if the estrogen level in a woman's body is low. The main uses are divided into two aspects: one is to regulate menstruation, and the other is to use birth control pills for contraception. What are the specific estrogen drugs? Let me explain them in detail.

Introduction to estrogen and estrogen-like drugs

Estrogen, also known as female hormone and female hormone, is a major type of female hormone. It promotes the maturation of female accessory organs and the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics, and maintains hormones for normal sexual desire and reproductive function. It is divided into two major categories (both are steroid hormones), namely estrogen (also known as estrogen) and progesterone. Estrogen is mainly secreted by the follicular cells of the ovaries (the testicles, placenta and adrenal glands can also secrete estrogen), mainly estradiol. It is inactivated in the liver, converted into estriol and estrone, and excreted in the urine after combining with glucuronic acid. During pregnancy, the placenta can secrete a large amount of estriol.

Estrogen is the sex hormone of female vertebrates. It is an estrus hormone secreted by the ovaries and has the function of promoting the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics. Mammals can also transform the ovulatory cell into a corpus luteum after ovulation and secrete progesterone, which is called the second estrogen, which has the function of controlling pregnancy and lactation.

Physiological effects

For women, estrogen has a very powerful effect. In fact, in addition to the reproductive system and estrogen, many tissues and organs in the female body have target organs, such as the nervous system, cardiovascular system, bones, urinary system, etc. These systems or tissues can all interact with estrogen, so the role of estrogen is indispensable to these systems in the process of girls' development and maturation. The huge role of estrogen in a woman's life cannot be replaced by any other hormone. It dominates the development and maintenance of female secondary sexual characteristics, regulates the stability of the female body environment, and controls the female life cycle. Women's periodic menstruation, women's fertility, and women's unique plump body shape are all inseparable from the role of estrogen.

1. Ovaries, direct effect: estrogen can stimulate the development of follicles; indirect effect: the level of estrogen blood concentration can promote or inhibit the release of gonadotropin, thereby indirectly affecting ovarian function.

2. Fallopian tubes. Estrogen can accelerate the movement of eggs in the fallopian tubes.

3. Uterus: estrogen has a significant promoting effect on the metabolism of endometrium and smooth muscle.

4. Blastocyst. An appropriate amount of estrogen is necessary for blastocyst implantation.

5. Stimulate the development and maturation of female external genitalia, vagina, uterus and other accessory organs, promote the differentiation and keratinization of vaginal epithelial cells, increase glycogen and glycogenolysis in epithelial cells, maintain the acidic environment of the vagina, and thus enhance its antibacterial ability.

6. Breast: estrogen can not only stimulate the growth of human mammary ducts, but also promote the development of mammary alveoli and milk production. 7. Protein metabolism. Estrogen can stimulate the secretion of adrenal cortex hormone and counteract the effect of growth hormone.