What are nipple diseases? Common sense for women

Nipple diseases are diseases that cause suffering to many female friends. These diseases have a great impact on women's health and psychology, so it is necessary to prevent them as early as possible. So what are the specific nipple diseases?

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Mastitis

A. Acute mastitis:

It is an acute suppurative disease of the breast, generally caused by Staphylococcus aureus infection, and is more common in primiparas during the lactation period. Milk stasis is most likely to occur due to improper breastfeeding methods, poor milk flow, blocked milk ducts, etc., causing bacterial growth; or in the case of nipple rupture, nipple deformity or nipple trauma, bacteria can retrograde from the nipple into the breast and spread to the mammary gland, causing infection.

B. Chronic mastitis:

One is that acute mastitis is not treated properly or incorrectly, such as improper use of antibiotics; the other is that the onset of the disease is a chronic inflammatory process, which is mostly caused by poor milk discharge and milk stasis forming nodules. It is characterized by slow onset, long course, difficulty in recovery, and long-lasting difficulty in disappearing; a lump can be felt in the breast, with the lump as the main manifestation. The lump is hard in texture, with unclear boundaries and tenderness. It can adhere to the skin, but the lump does not rupture and is not easy to form pus or dissipate. There is no typical redness, swelling, heat and pain in the local breast, and systemic symptoms such as fever, chills, and fatigue are not obvious.

Breast hyperplasia

It mostly occurs in middle-aged women, and there are often multiple irregular nodules of varying sizes and hardness in the breast, with unclear boundaries from the surrounding tissues. Patients often feel breast pain, and the symptoms worsen before menstruation. It is a benign hyperplasia of the breast stroma, and clinically it is characterized by breast lumps, pain and irregular menstruation. Modern medicine believes that it is related to endocrine disorders and ovarian dysfunction.

Breast fibroids

It is the most common tumor in the breast, more common in young women, and is related to excessive estrogen in the body. It can occur in one or both breasts and is usually single. The lump is oval or round, with a smooth surface and a medium hard texture. It is clearly demarcated from the surrounding tissues and has no adhesion to the skin, and the lump can be easily pushed away. Currently, most treatments are surgical, but most are not accepted by young women. The main reason is that although the surgery removes the local tumor, the endocrine disorder in the body is not corrected, so it is easy to relapse. Secondly, it leaves scars on the breast.

Breast cysts

Breast cysts are caused by poor breast structure, inflammation, or other reasons that lead to the shedding of the epithelium in the mammary lobe or lobule ducts or the obstruction of the ducts by other substances. As a result, milk from the lobes is not discharged smoothly, and milk accumulates in the breasts, causing the ducts to expand and form cysts. Breast cyst is a benign lesion of the breast, mostly located in the center of the breast and around the nipple, especially above the nipple. It is often accompanied by a history of breast inflammation and breast trauma, which leads to obstruction of the large duct opening.

Breast cysts are divided into two categories: simple breast cysts and milk stasis cysts. Simple breast cysts are cysts formed when breast cell secretions are retained in the ducts. The lumps are round or oval in shape, with a halo on the surface and clear boundaries, and can be single or multiple. Milk stasis cyst is a cyst formed due to blockage of the mammary duct and milk accumulation, accompanied by symptoms of redness, swelling, heat and pain in the breast.

Breast cancer

It is the most common malignant tumor occurring in the breast. In the early stage, it is a painless, solitary small lump that is hard, has a rough surface, has unclear tissue boundaries, and is not easy to be pushed. There are no conscious symptoms in the early stages and most cases are discovered accidentally by patients. When a breast cancer tumor grows larger, it becomes attached to the skin, and the local skin may become sunken and appear like orange peel. When cancer invades the milk ducts, the nipple may retract.