What is the treatment for small ovarian cysts?

It is very common for women to develop cysts on their ovaries. This type of cyst is generally a benign tumor. When the cyst is relatively small, it will not cause much harm to the human body. However, if the cyst grows larger and its diameter reaches more than five centimeters, it will affect the human body and requires active treatment. So, how should small cysts be treated? How should large cysts be treated?

Ovarian cyst is a type of ovarian tumor. It can occur at any age, but is most common in women aged 20-50. Most of them are benign tumors, and very few are malignant tumors. Close follow-up can be performed, that is, examination once every 2-3 months, and the examination interval can be adjusted according to the situation; if the cyst diameter is larger than 5 cm, it is mostly an ovarian tumor and generally requires surgical treatment.

1. Surgical treatment of benign ovarian cysts

① Ovarian cystectomy: Most of these patients have no menstrual disorders, and some even have complicated pregnancy. If the tumor is more obvious on one side, a salpingo-oophorectomy on the affected side can be performed.

②Salpingo-oophorectomy

Unilateral ovarian cysts occurring in older patients (over 45 years old) and bilateral ovarian cysts are usually treated with unilateral or bilateral oophorectomy. Patients who are unable to undergo surgery due to general conditions or who have severe inflammation often undergo total hysterectomy. It is worth noting that for the surgical treatment of larger ovarian cysts, the size of the incision should not be considered and complete removal is preferred to avoid disrupting the patient's pulse and causing the contents to overflow into the abdominal cavity or incision.

③ Resection of the adnexa and the entire hysterectomy

If unilateral or bilateral ovarian cysts occur in women who are near menopause or menopause and the patient's general condition is not adequate for treatment, bilateral adnexectomy and total hysterectomy are appropriate, but this will seriously affect endocrine disorders.

2. Surgical treatment of malignant ovarian cysts

Most patients are in the late stage when they seek medical treatment, so every effort should be made to remove the primary cyst and any visible pelvic and abdominal metastases. Because malignant ovarian cysts are often adhered or infiltrated with the uterus and adnexa, and are closely attached to the pelvic peritoneum, the uterus and tumor are often removed in one piece, such as by rolling carpet or dumpling-like removal of the greater omentum, partial intestinal resection, partial bladder and ureter resection. For ovarian malignant tumors complicated with ascites, regardless of whether they are completely removed or not, it is advisable to place a catheter in the abdominal cavity to facilitate postoperative intraperitoneal injection of anticancer drugs or radioactive colloidal gold or colloidal phosphorus.

If the cyst in your body is relatively small, you can follow the doctor's advice and go to the hospital for regular check-ups. As long as the cyst does not grow larger, it generally does not need to be treated. If the cyst is found to be growing rapidly, even if it is relatively small, surgical removal should be performed actively. Of course, if the diameter of the cyst is more than five centimeters, surgical removal must be performed.