In addition to affecting appearance, high myopia also poses a huge health risk...

High myopia means

Myopia of 600 degrees or above

A refractive error

Under normal circumstances, the human eyeball is similar to a sphere, but as myopia worsens, the eye axis becomes longer and the volume of the eyeball gradually increases, just like blowing a bubble. As the volume increases, the wall becomes thinner, which leads to various fundus lesions.

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What are the development paths of high myopia?

There are two development paths for high myopia:

1

It is possible that the degree of myopia will stabilize after adulthood, and the degree will no longer increase, and there will be no irreversible visual damage. We call this type of fundus lesions simple high myopia ;

2

Myopia will progress throughout life, accompanied by irreversible visual damage and fundus lesions. This type is called pathological high myopia . The main reason may be that high myopia causes continuous excessive growth of the eye axis.

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Fundus lesions caused by high myopia,

What are the common ones?

Vitreous opacities

The vitreous body is a gel-like substance in the eye, located between the lens and the retina, and is part of the eye's refractive medium. Light enters the eye from the cornea, passes through the lens, aqueous humor, and vitreous body, and is finally imaged on the retina. With age, high myopia, and other reasons, the probability of vitreous body turbidity increases greatly.

Macular Degeneration and Rupture

The macula is an area on the retina with a small depression in the center, clinically known as the fovea centralis. This is the part of the retina where vision is very sharp. Therefore, when the lesion involves the macula, the symptom of a significant decrease in vision is very likely to occur.

Retinal detachment

The retina is the inner layer of the eye. The retina is divided into two layers, the outer retinal pigment epithelium and the inner retinal neuroepithelium. There is a potential gap between the two layers. When the two layers separate, it is called retinal detachment.
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After high myopia causes fundus complications,

What are the symptoms?

Common symptoms are usually:

01

Dark shadows fluttering before my eyes

02

Blurred or distorted vision

03

Flash

04

Significant decrease in vision

05

Visual field loss

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How to prevent and control high myopia and its complications?

Myopia is irreversible, and high myopia cannot be completely cured. It can only be prevented and controlled. Even if you have myopia surgery, it still cannot cure myopia. It only corrects vision, but cannot change the irreversible state of eye axis elongation caused by myopia. Therefore, patients with high myopia should regularly go to professional ophthalmic medical institutions to carry out personalized myopia management (i.e. "four checks and one file creation").

To prevent myopia before it happens, check the "hyperopia reserve"; to differentiate suspected myopia, check "true and false myopia"; to control myopia, check the risk of high myopia; to remedy high myopia, check the complications of high myopia. By establishing a refractive development file for the child and dynamically understanding the child's eye condition, we can do a good job in myopia management from prevention to control.

Aier Eye Hospital reminds : If patients with high myopia suddenly experience visual field loss, decreased vision, floating shadows or flashing lights in front of their eyes, they must go to a professional ophthalmic medical institution for further examination and treatment as soon as possible to avoid missing the opportunity for treatment and causing permanent visual damage or even blindness.

Currently, posterior scleral reinforcement surgery is an important surgical method to control the progression of pathological myopia. Its mechanism is to mechanically strengthen the sclera, make the eyeball wall thicker and firmer, slow down the growth of the eye axis, and thus slow down the progression of myopia; at the same time, it can also improve the blood circulation of the choroid and retina, improve visual function, and prevent or reduce the occurrence of serious complications.

The earlier the posterior scleral reinforcement surgery is performed, the better . It helps to improve fundus microcirculation and protect visual function. It is of great significance in reducing serious fundus complications of high myopia and avoiding low vision or blindness.