National Information Center: 2021 Smart Community Construction and Operation Guide

The "Guidelines" conducts a comprehensive and in-depth analysis of the conceptual connotations, business needs and construction key points, technical routes, construction and operation models, and regulatory compliance of smart community construction and operation, and puts forward construction guidelines for the sustainable and healthy development of smart communities under the background of Digital China construction.

Shan Zhiguang, Director of the Information Technology and Industry Development Department of the National Information Center and Director of the Smart City Development Research Center, officially released the research results of the "Guidelines". Shan Zhiguang said that with the increase in my country's urbanization rate, various old communities have started smart transformation one after another, and new communities have carried out smart upgrades. The market scale of smart communities will continue to expand, and smart communities will open up a blue ocean of digital industry value. Shan Zhiguang pointed out that with the application and promotion of the government-enterprise cooperation model in the construction and operation of smart communities, more community resources will be activated and constantly stimulate new vitality in the digital industry, drive the development of related industries such as smart elderly care, smart medical care, and smart energy, open up new space for the development of digital industries, and gradually build a good ecology for the development of smart community industries. Researching and publishing the "Guidelines" is an important exploration to implement the state's deployment of relevant work on the construction of smart communities and promote the construction of smart cities and digital societies. It is also an important attempt to summarize and refine the current status and problems of smart community development, promote smart communities from construction-oriented to long-term operation, build a sustainable development ecology with government guidance, government-enterprise cooperation, multi-party participation, and professional operation cooperation, and promote the organic combination of effective markets and service-oriented governments.

Based on the analysis and sorting out of the concepts of communities and smart communities, as well as the construction and operation models, the "Guidelines" put forward the definition of smart communities: Generally speaking, smart communities utilize new-generation information technologies such as 5G, Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, blockchain, etc., and are guided by the intelligence, greening, and humanization of communities. They integrate multiple elements such as people, land, objects, emotions, events, and organizations in community scenarios, focus on the public interests of community residents, promote interactions and mutual assistance among community residents, coordinate diverse resources such as public management, public services, and commercial services, provide community management and service applications for multiple entities such as governments, properties, residents, and enterprises, and improve the scientific, intelligent, and refined level of community management and services. It is an innovative model of community management and services.

The Guidelines propose that the key points of smart community construction should be promoted in a classified manner around the core business needs of the community. The community is the basic place for people's production and life, and it is the first stop for the people. The construction of smart communities needs to be carried out around the basic business of the community, namely "government affairs", "business", "services" and "housework", collectively referred to as the "four affairs". The construction of smart communities is based on community construction, using new generation information technologies such as 5G, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, big data, etc. to integrate and upgrade the "four affairs" of the community and reengineer the process, forming a digital and intelligent business scenario for the community, comprehensively improving the convenience of community life, and providing convenience for residents, governments, enterprises and other parties, forming a good ecology of mutual benefit and win-win. It is worth noting that the situation of communities in my country is complex, and different communities have different characteristics and business priorities. The construction and operation of smart communities should take into account the differences in demand brought about by these background differences, do a good job in demand analysis, and promote them in a classified manner.

The Guidelines propose that the technical route of smart communities should be coordinated with the construction of smart cities. Smart community construction is not an isolated point, but the inheritance, development and implementation of the concept of smart city construction. Therefore, the technical route of smart community construction should be coordinated with the technical route of smart city construction while meeting the characteristics and needs of community construction. Smart community construction is based on hardware such as networks, intelligent facilities, storage devices, driven by data, supported by digital platforms, and comprehensively utilizes new generation information technologies such as 5G, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and big data to build a smart community technology base and support community smart applications. The overall architecture of the smart community mainly includes four parts: infrastructure layer, data layer, platform layer, and application layer. The facilities, data, systems, and platforms of the smart community are connected to the corresponding components of the smart city. The technical implementation of the smart community is guaranteed by relevant systems, technologies, operations, maintenance, security and other standard systems.

The Guidelines propose that the construction of smart communities should be supported by a long-term sustainable operation model. The sustainability of construction and operation is an important indicator for measuring the effectiveness of smart community construction, and is also the focus of exploration in practice. Common investment and operation models can be divided into four types: government investment and construction model, market investment and construction and operation model, government-enterprise cooperation model, and entrusted operation model. At the same time, smart community projects have the characteristics of diverse profit return mechanisms, which can be roughly divided into six methods: value-added utilization services, advertising revenue, feasibility gap subsidies, user fees, site rental income, and channel income. In the construction of smart cities and smart communities in the past, the government occupied a dominant position, and enterprises were the main force in construction, while community residents and the public had low participation and low willingness to use, resulting in a weak sense of gain among the masses and weak sustainable operation capabilities. In the future, smart communities need to strengthen the innovation of construction and operation models based on new technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data, and artificial intelligence, and explore the establishment of a new model of community governance and services based on multi-party participation and data integration of "co-construction, co-governance, and sharing".

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