Purple cervix

If the cervix is ​​found to be purple during the examination, it may be due to cervical erosion. This disease seems to be relatively mild, but it still takes a long period of treatment before the condition gradually begins to improve. In addition, after cervical erosion occurs, you will obviously feel an increase in the amount of your vaginal discharge, and the color of the vaginal discharge will also appear brown or blood red.

Formerly known as cervical erosion, it is caused by the shedding of cervical squamous epithelium, with the shedding surface covered by columnar epithelium and immature metaplastic squamous epithelium. Because the columnar epithelium is thin, the underlying stroma is visible, appearing as red pseudo-erosion. The term "cervical erosion" was abolished abroad in the 1980s and replaced by cervical columnar epithelium ectopia or cervical columnar epithelium ectopia. At present, cervical erosion only refers to true erosion caused by epithelial shedding due to various reasons.

[Clinical manifestations] Increased vaginal discharge: Due to different pathogens, the color and amount of vaginal discharge are also different. Leucorrhea may be sticky or purulent, sometimes with streaks of blood or a small amount of blood, and may also have contact bleeding. Lower abdominal pain and distension, lumbar pain, pelvic pain or dysmenorrhea, aggravated during menstruation, bowel movements or sexual intercourse.

[Treatment] For patients with cervical columnar epithelial migration, normal cervical cytology and pathogen test (-), regular follow-up is allowed and no treatment is required. If treatment is required, in principle, the columnar epithelium in the affected area should be necrotic and fall off, and the new squamous epithelium should be used to cover it and restore it to normal state. Local treatment is the main approach.

Human papillomavirus infection of the cervix

HPV infection is a common sexually transmitted infection, and 70% to 80% of women will be infected with HPV at least once in their lifetime.

[Classification] Currently, there are more than 120 known subtypes of HPV, among which subtypes 6, 11, 42, 43, and 44 are low-risk types and generally do not induce carcinogenesis; subtypes 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 68, 73, and 82 are high-risk types, and subtypes 26, 53, and 66 are suspected high-risk types. High-risk viruses can cause abnormal cell cycle control and lead to carcinogenesis.

[Clinical manifestations] Low-risk types cause: genital warts, recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, abnormal cervical cytology examination; high-risk types cause: flat warts, cervical cancer and its precancerous lesions, vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer, anal cancer, etc.