The difference between premature birth and miscarriage

The difference between premature birth and miscarriage is quite obvious. After premature birth, the chance of keeping the baby is relatively high. Generally, birth between 28 and 36 weeks is called premature birth, while miscarriage is the phenomenon of birth before 28 weeks. Therefore, there is a clear difference in the time of their delivery. In addition, there are certain differences in the causes of premature birth and miscarriage. Let's take a look at this aspect below.

The difference between premature birth and miscarriage

Premature birth is birth between 28 and 36 weeks of pregnancy. Abortion is the delivery of a fetus before 28 weeks of gestation. Newborns who are born prematurely usually survive. The miscarriage was almost fatal.

Preterm birth

Premature birth refers to delivery between 28 weeks and less than 37 weeks of gestation. The newborn delivered at this time is called a premature baby, weighing 1000 to 2499g. Premature births account for 5% to 15% of all births in China. About 15% of premature infants die in the neonatal period. In recent years, due to the progress in the treatment and monitoring of premature babies, their survival rate has increased significantly and the disability rate has decreased. Foreign scholars have suggested that the upper limit of the definition of premature birth be advanced to 20 weeks of gestation.

Causes of premature birth

Causes

1. Passive dilation of the cervix in the second trimester leads to premature rupture of membranes and chorioamnion infection.

2. Infection of the lower reproductive tract and urinary system in pregnant women.

3. Pregnancy complications and complications.

4. The cervix is ​​loose and inward-turned.

5. Uterine hypoplasia, congenital uterine malformation, and cervical insufficiency.

6. Relaxed cervix and uterine fibroids.

7. Pregnant women suffer from combined acute or chronic diseases, such as viral hepatitis, acute nephritis, pyelonephritis, acute appendicitis, viral pneumonia, high fever, rubella and other acute diseases; heart disease, diabetes, severe anemia, hyperthyroidism, hypertension, asymptomatic bacteriuria and other chronic diseases.

8. The pregnant woman suffers from pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome.

abortion

Termination of pregnancy before 28 weeks of gestation and with a fetal weight of less than 1000g is called abortion. Abortion that occurs before 12 weeks of pregnancy is called early abortion, and abortion that occurs between 12 weeks and less than 28 weeks of pregnancy is called late abortion. Abortion is divided into spontaneous abortion and induced abortion. The incidence of spontaneous abortion accounts for about 15% of all pregnancies, and most of them are early abortions. There are also two specific types of miscarriage: missed miscarriage and habitual miscarriage.

Causes of miscarriage

1. Genetic factors

In early spontaneous abortion, 50% to 60% of embryos have chromosomal abnormalities, most of which are abnormalities in chromosome number, followed by abnormalities in chromosome structure. Numerical abnormalities include trisomy, triploidy and X-monosomy; structural abnormalities include chromosome breakage, inversion, deletion and translocation. Most embryos with chromosomal abnormalities end in miscarriage. A very small number may continue to develop into a fetus, but some functional abnormalities or combined malformations may occur after birth. If a miscarriage has occurred, the products of conception are sometimes just an empty gestational sac or a degenerated embryo.

2. Environmental factors

There are many adverse external factors that affect reproductive function, which can directly or indirectly cause damage to the embryo or fetus. Excessive exposure to certain harmful chemicals (such as arsenic, lead, benzene, formaldehyde, chloroprene, ethylene oxide, etc.) and physical factors (such as radiation, noise and high temperature, etc.) can cause miscarriage.

3. Maternal factors

Systemic diseases: Acute illness during pregnancy and high fever can cause uterine contractions and lead to miscarriage; bacterial toxins or viruses (herpes simplex virus, cytomegalovirus, etc.) enter the fetal blood circulation through the placenta, causing fetal death and miscarriage. In addition, pregnant women suffering from severe anemia or heart failure may cause fetal hypoxia and may also cause miscarriage. If a pregnant woman suffers from chronic nephritis or hypertension, the placenta may infarct and cause miscarriage