Tumor-associated hyperprolactinemia, common pathogenic factors

There are many causes of hyperprolactinemia, and hyperprolactinemia caused by tumor factors is also very common. Common ones include craniopharyngioma. If you suffer from this disease, you must carefully check your medical history, menstrual history, and systemic diseases before you can make appropriate treatment.

1. Hypothalamic-pituitary lesions

1. Tumors:

Nonfunctional – Craniopharyngioma, sarcoid glioma.

Functional - PRL adenoma 46%; GH adenoma 22-31%, PRL-GH adenoma 5-7%; ACTH adenoma & Nelsons

syndrome 4～15%, multifunctional adenoma 10%; undifferentiated tumor 19～27%.

2. Inflammation: skull base meningitis, tuberculosis, syphilis, actinomycosis.

3. Destruction: injury, surgery, arteriovenous malformation, granulomatous disease (Hand-Schüller-Christians syndrome).

4. Empty sella syndrome.

5. Pituitary stalk lesions, injuries or tumor compression.

6. Psychological trauma and stress.

7. Parkinson's disease.

(ii) Primary and/or secondary hypothyroidism.

1. Pseudo-parathyroidism.

2. Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

(III) Ectopic PRL secretion syndrome: undifferentiated bronchogenic carcinoma, adrenal carcinoma, embryonal carcinoma.

(iv) Adrenal gland and kidney diseases: Addison's disease, chronic renal failure.

(V) Polycystic ovary syndrome.

(6) Liver cirrhosis.

(VII) Gynecological and obstetric surgery : artificial abortion, induced labor, stillbirth, hysterectomy, tubal ligation, and oophorectomy.

(8) Local irritation : papillitis, chapped skin, chest wall trauma, herpes zoster, tuberculosis, surgery.