How to perform cervical cancer surgery

Cervical cancer is a common cervical disease. The current prevalence of this disease is very high, and the harm caused to patients is also extremely great. Surgery is not suitable for all cervical cancer patients. Generally speaking, in the early stages of cervical cancer, the tumor cells have not yet spread outside, and surgical removal is an effective treatment method. Let’s take a look at how cervical cancer surgery is performed.

The first type of surgical treatment for cervical cancer is a total hysterectomy with dilation and extrauterine hysterectomy. The surgical method requires cutting the tendons attached to the cervix, and the vaginal wall touched is about one centimeter long. This surgical removal does not include the cervical interstitial space. This surgical method is more suitable for cervical carcinoma in situ.

The second method is a modified total hysterectomy or a sub-total hysterectomy. This surgical method is to separate the cervix and pelvic wall at a distance of about 2 to 3 centimeters on both sides of the cervix and remove the aorta tendon. This type of surgical method can preserve the blood supply of the urethra and effectively reduce the occurrence of urethral fistula after surgery. After part of the uterine ligament is separated, the nerve control of the bladder is not easily damaged and a urethral catheter is not required for a long time after the operation. This type of surgical method is suitable for cervical cancer with small lesions, low invasiveness, or even cervical cancer that is invisible to the naked eye.

The third method is general hysterectomy. This method is to remove the entire uterus, including some surrounding tissues. The main tendon of the uterus at the pelvic wall and anal constriction should be removed, and 1/3 to 1/2 of the upper part of the vagina should be removed. Depending on the extent of the disease, more than four centimeters of parametrial tissue usually need to be removed, and if necessary, it may be extended to the pelvic wall, and pelvic lymph node dissection may also be required. This type of surgery is suitable for patients with stage 1b to stage 2a cervical cancer.