Will a second abortion affect future fertility?

Will a second abortion affect future fertility? I believe many women have this question. As life is getting better and better, gender issues are no longer surprising. Having children before marriage and cohabitation before marriage are not uncommon. Some people even advertise directly on university campuses. Many girls have multiple miscarriages. So let’s take a look at the following article to find out whether a second abortion will affect pregnancy and what harm abortion will bring to the body.

1. Artificial Abortion

Termination of pregnancy by artificial or medical methods within 3 months of pregnancy is called early pregnancy termination, also known as artificial abortion. It is used as a remedy for unexpected pregnancy due to contraceptive failure. It is also used for those who need to terminate pregnancy due to illness or to prevent congenital malformations or genetic diseases. Artificial abortion can be divided into two methods: surgical abortion and medical abortion. Commonly used methods include vacuum aspiration abortion, forceps curettage abortion and medical abortion.

Types of artificial abortion

1. Medical abortion: Abortion with medicine needs to be performed under the guidance of a doctor. No artificial instruments are used to intervene, thus avoiding damage or infection to the genitals. Disadvantages: Medical abortion is prone to incompleteness, and residual fetal membrane tissue can cause hemorrhage, requiring curettage and cleaning, otherwise there will be a risk of life. Therefore, doctors generally do not recommend medical abortion for women.

2. Ordinary abortion: Abortion requires curettage to separate the gestational sac tissue attached to the uterine wall, and then use a negative pressure aspirator to suck out the gestational sac. Advantages: The success rate is higher and incomplete abortion is less likely to occur; if there are any unexpected situations during the operation, emergency treatment can be provided at any time, and the patient can be discharged from the hospital after a period of observation after the operation. Disadvantages: The pain is severe and weak women may go into shock during the operation; if the instruments are not properly sterilized during the abortion process, reproductive infection may easily occur.

Complications

1. Complications during surgery. Uterine bleeding is more than 200 ml; abortion syndrome is also known as cardio-cerebral syndrome, with an incidence rate of 12%. The patient suddenly develops a series of symptoms such as bradycardia, arrhythmia, low blood pressure, pale face, profuse sweating, etc. In severe cases, even fainting and convulsions may occur; uterine perforation; missed aspiration, the embryonic tissue cannot be aspirated out, and the pregnancy continues to develop.

2. Recent complications. Incomplete artificial abortion, vaginal bleeding lasting more than 15 days after surgery; endometritis, adnexitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, etc. due to infection with pathogenic bacteria within 2 weeks after surgery; intrauterine blood accumulation; intrauterine adhesions, postoperative amenorrhea or significantly reduced menstrual volume, sometimes accompanied by periodic lower abdominal pain or uterine enlargement and blood accumulation.

3. Long-term complications. Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease; menstrual abnormalities; secondary infertility; endometriosis.

4. Complications of subsequent pregnancy. Infertility; high rate of late miscarriage; high rate of premature birth; high perinatal mortality rate; increased rate of antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage; increased neonatal hemolytic disease.

4. Contraindications

1. The acute stage of various diseases: acute myocardial infarction, acute cerebral infarction, acute hepatitis, acute blood system diseases, acute kidney diseases, acute surgical diseases, etc. Inflammation of reproductive organs, such as vaginitis, acute suppurative cervicitis or subacute cervicitis, acute and chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, sexually transmitted diseases, etc., which have not been treated;

2. Those who are unable to assume lithotomy position due to illness or injury;

3. Those who are in poor general condition and cannot tolerate surgery;

4. If the body temperature is above 37.5℃ twice before the operation, the operation will be postponed.

5. Surgical Abortion

The surgical methods of artificial abortion include vacuum aspiration and curettage. Vacuum aspiration is to use a hollow straw to enter the uterine cavity and use negative pressure to suck out the embryonic tissue in the uterus, while curettage is to use oval forceps to clamp out large pieces of embryonic tissue in the uterus. Abortion can be performed before 14 weeks of pregnancy. If you have an unexpected pregnancy and don't want the child, perhaps abortion is the inevitable choice. You know, abortion will cause some harm to the female body to a certain extent.

6. Medical abortion

The advantages of medical abortion are that the method is simple, does not require intrauterine operation, and is non-traumatic. Since the 1990s, drugs for medical abortion have become more and more sophisticated, and the complete abortion rate has reached more than 90%.

7. Observation after medication

1. Pay attention to the duration and amount of vaginal bleeding after taking the medicine. If there is a lot of bleeding or tissue is discharged, you should go to the hospital for treatment in time;

2. After using the medicine, the patient needs to stay in the hospital for observation to check blood pressure, pulse, diarrhea, abdominal pain, bleeding, whether the fetal sac is expelled, and any side effects of the medicine. If some side effects are more obvious, timely symptomatic treatment can be given. And record it in detail;

3. After the fetal sac is expelled, medical staff will carefully check the expelled material (evacuate the uterus at any time if there is a lot of bleeding), and leave the hospital after 1 hour of observation. Before leaving the hospital, measure blood pressure and pulse, register and record, and instruct the follow-up date and precautions (2 weeks and 6 weeks after abortion);

4. Patients whose fetal sac has not been expelled will be discharged from the hospital within 6 hours and will be scheduled for ultrasound examination and follow-up within 1 week. If the abortion fails, artificial abortion vacuum aspiration will be performed;

5. On the 15th day of medication: All subjects were required to return for a follow-up visit 2 weeks after taking the medication. If the bleeding is more than the menstrual volume, you should go to the original hospital for examination. For patients diagnosed with incomplete abortion through B-ultrasound and HCG examination, uterine curettage should be performed as appropriate and the patient should be sent for pathological examination.

The above is the answer to the question of whether a second abortion will affect future fertility. The specific situation depends on whether the uterus recovers fully after the abortion and whether there is any inflammatory infection. Every girl has a different image, so this answer cannot be 100% certain, but what is certain is that abortion will definitely have an impact on the body, the most common of which is anemia. Qi and blood are the key to a woman's pregnancy. If both qi and blood are deficient, it is usually difficult to conceive.