Clinical manifestations of endometrial adenomyosis

Endometrial adenomyosis is a gynecological disease with a relatively low incidence rate. It is generally manifested as menstrual disorders and dysmenorrhea. A considerable number of patients do not have obvious abnormal feelings. There is currently no standard concept in medicine about its cause. Most people believe that it is caused by lesions such as the proliferation of basal cells. Below we focus on its clinical manifestations for discussion, and hope that female friends can pay attention to this disease.

1. Symptoms

(1) Menstrual disorders (40%-50%) are mainly manifested by prolonged menstrual period and increased menstrual volume. Some patients may also experience spotting before and after menstruation. Severe patients may develop anemia.

(2) Dysmenorrhea (25%) is characterized by secondary progressive dysmenorrhea. It often begins a week before menstruation and is relieved when the menstrual period ends. Taking painkillers can relieve dysmenorrhea in the early stages, but as the disease progresses, the dosage of painkillers required for dysmenorrhea increases significantly, making it impossible for patients to tolerate it.

(3) About 35% of other patients have no obvious symptoms.

2. Physical signs

Gynecological examination shows that the uterus is often uniformly enlarged and spherical, and adenomyoma may appear as hard nodules. The uterus is generally no larger than 12 weeks of pregnancy. As menstruation approaches, the uterus feels tender; during menstruation, the uterus enlarges, becomes softer, and the tenderness is more obvious than usual; after menstruation, the uterus shrinks. The uterus is often adhered to the surrounding area, especially the rectum at the back, and has poor mobility. 15% to 40% of patients have concomitant endometriosis, and about half of the patients have concomitant uterine fibroids.

The above gives us a preliminary understanding of the clinical manifestations of the symptoms and signs of adenomyosis, which can serve as a basis for daily attention of female friends, especially multiparous women over 35 years old. If they had previous births by caesarean section or had artificial abortions, they should have regular physical examinations, because relevant data show that the proportion of these two conditions among patients with endometrial adenomyosis is relatively high.