What causes premature placenta

What causes embryonic maturation?

What causes embryo maturation? Embryo maturation may be caused by excessive calcium and zinc supplementation or by the pregnant woman suffering from high blood pressure, diabetes and other symptoms during pregnancy. The embryo is the "nutrient bank" of the fetus. The pregnant mother provides nutrients and oxygen to the fetus through the embryo, as well as excretes metabolic substances of the fetus. Placental aging can lead to a decrease in the fetus's ability to exchange and transport nutrients, insufficient blood supply to the fetus, leading to fetal ischemia and oxygen deficiency, affecting fetal development, and may also cause fetal intrauterine hypoxia or cause placental abruption, resulting in premature birth of the fetus.

There are 4 levels of embryo maturity: O, 1, 2 and 3. Level 1 indicates that the embryo is basically complete; late level 2 indicates that the embryo is complete; late level 3 indicates that the embryo has declined. Due to thickening and cellulose deposition, the embryo's ability to transport oxygen and nutrients is reduced, and the fetus is at risk. Everyone's situation is different, embryo: late pregnancy (12-28 weeks) - embryo level 0; late pregnancy (30-32 weeks) - embryo level Ⅰ; after 36 weeks - embryo level Ⅱ (relatively complete). If the embryo level Ⅲ is found before 37 weeks and combined with the value of the biparietal diameter and the estimated fetal weight of 2500 grams, the embryo should be considered mature and the possibility of fetal intrauterine growth retardation should be alerted. The embryo enters level Ⅲ at 38 weeks, indicating that the embryo is complete. Smoking and second-hand smoke can also make the embryo mature.

How embryos are created

The embryo is composed of the amnion, the chorion (also called the dense chorion) and the decidua basalis.

1. Amniotic membrane

The part of the fetus that makes up the embryo is the innermost layer of the embryo. Its thickness is only 0.02-0.5mm, and it is composed of 5 thinner layers of membranes: squamous epithelial cell layer, high-density layer, basement membrane, chemical fibroblast and sponge layer.

2. Chorionic membrane

The fetal part that makes up the embryo is the key part of the embryo, and the key structure of the embryo is the villi. It goes through 3 development stages, namely primary plush, secondary plush and tertiary plush. About 3 weeks after fertilization, when blood vessels form in the villi, the embryonic respiratory system of the fetus is established. The fetus relies on the embryo's blood circulation system to obtain the nutrients needed for growth and development from the mother's blood flowing through the embryo.

3. Decidua basalis

The part of the pregnant mother that makes up the fetus. There is a very thin plate at its bottom, called the decidual plate. The mother's uterine spiral artery enters the maternal lobe here, entering the villus space at a flow rate of 500-600ml per minute. The fetal blood goes directly through the aorta to the capillaries of the villi and exchanges substances with the maternal blood through the spaces between the villi.