Female hormone levels

A woman's hormone level directly determines whether her reproductive system is healthy. Female hormones, in addition to promoting the maturation of female sexual organs and the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics, can also maintain a woman's normal reproductive function and normal sexual desire. It is also an important factor in ensuring that a woman can become pregnant. Once the hormone level drops, it often leads to infertility in women. Let's take a look at this aspect.

Female hormone levels

Estrogen, also known as female hormone, is a major type of female hormone. It promotes the maturation of female accessory organs and the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics, and maintains hormones for normal sexual desire and reproductive function. It is divided into two major categories (both are steroid hormones), namely estrogen and progesterone.

Estrogen is mainly secreted by the ovarian follicular cells (the placenta also secretes estrogen), mainly estradiol. It is inactivated in the liver, converted into estriol and estrone, and excreted in the urine after combining with glucuronic acid. During pregnancy, the placenta can secrete a large amount of estriol.

Estrogen is the sex hormone of female vertebrates, which promotes the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics. Mammals can also transform the ovulatory cell into a corpus luteum after ovulation and secrete progesterone (also known as progesterone hormone, progesterone), which is called the second female hormone. It has the function of controlling pregnancy, lactation, and further promoting the development and maturation of secondary sexual characteristics.

The physiological effects of estrogen on women are as follows:

1. Ovaries, direct effect: estrogen can stimulate the development of follicles; indirect effect: the level of estrogen blood concentration can promote or inhibit the release of gonadotropin, thereby indirectly affecting ovarian function.

2. Fallopian tubes. Estrogen can accelerate the movement of eggs in the fallopian tubes.

3. Uterus: Estrogen has a significant promoting effect on the metabolism of endometrium and smooth muscle.

4. Buccal. An appropriate amount of estrogen is necessary for the buccal implantation.

5. Stimulate the development and maturation of female external genitalia, vagina, uterus and other accessory organs, promote the differentiation and keratinization of vaginal epithelial cells, increase glycogen and glycogenolysis in epithelial cells, maintain the acidic environment of the vagina, and thus enhance its antibacterial ability.

6. Breast. Estrogen can not only stimulate the growth of human mammary ducts, but also promote the development of mammary alveoli and milk production.

7. Protein metabolism. Estrogen can stimulate the secretion of adrenal cortex hormone and counteract the effect of growth hormone, thereby promoting protein decomposition. On the other hand, it has a protein assimilation effect on the liver and can stimulate the synthesis of various plasma proteins.