Are cervical polyps painful?

The cervix is ​​an important part of women. With the influence of living environment, more and more women suffer from cervical-related diseases. Cervical polyps are a common gynecological disease. Generally, vaginal bleeding, cervical pain, and increased leucorrhea will occur, affecting life and work. So what should we do?

What are cervical polyps

The main clinical manifestations of cervical polyps are vaginal bleeding, increased yellow leucorrhea, bloody leucorrhea, etc. It is one of the most common cervical lesions in women, with a high incidence age of 30-49 years old. Most of them originate from the cervical canal, and a small part originates from the external cervical os, ranging from approximately 5-50mm. Most cervical polyps occur in the cervical canal. They are formed by local hyperplasia of the cervical canal mucosal epithelium and the underlying stroma, which protrude toward the surface and sag due to gravity.

Symptoms of cervical polyps

1. Bleeding during sexual intercourse: Smaller polyps generally have no clinical symptoms. Some polyps protruding from the cervix are discovered when bleeding occurs after sexual intercourse and the patient is consulted for treatment. For those with longer pedicles, laser surgery can be used to remove them under direct hysteroscopy, and any smaller polyps found at the same time can be treated together. These are many typical symptoms of cervical polyps.

2. Pain and bleeding symptoms: The most obvious symptoms of cervical polyps are pain and bleeding, including pain during normal life, sexual intercourse and menstruation.

3. Lumps in the cervix: Lumps growing in the cervix or cervical canal are called cervical polyps. Endometrial polyps are caused by excessive proliferation of the endometrium and can occur at any age.

4. Abnormal leucorrhea: The patient’s leucorrhea may be yellow and most of them have an odor. Some patients may have blood in their leucorrhea.

Cervical polyp examination

1. Gynecological examination: During gynecological examination, it can be seen that the patient's cervix is ​​congested, edematous or eroded, with purulent secretions discharged from the cervical canal. There may be pain when the cervix is ​​touched; or there may be purulent secretions at the cervical opening, and the cervix is ​​hard on palpation. If it is cervical erosion or polyps, there may be contact bleeding.

2. Pathological examination: Observing the affected area, it can be seen that the center of the polyp is a longitudinal axis formed by fibrous connective tissue, with many dense blood vessels. On the outside, there are cervical intrinsic tissues, including glands and stroma. The surface is covered with cervical mucosa. The tissue composition and structure are basically the same as normal cervical tissue, which is a typical polyp tissue phase.

3. Colposcopy: Depending on the different epithelial coverings on the surface of cervical polyps, there are two types of images under the colposcopy.

(1) Polyps are formed by excessive proliferation and accumulation of the cervical mucosa. Under colposcopy, the polyps appear bright red and have a certain luster. Single polyps have a thin stalk, while multiple polyps appear in clusters with a wide base and a short stalk.

(2) Polyps originate from the squamous epithelium covering the surface of the cervical vagina. The polyps are pink in color, protrude from the squamous epithelium of the cervix, have a wide base, and a few have a thin stalk with a tough texture.

4. Cervical smear: Cervical smear shows Papanicolaou grade II. For patients with more serious conditions, cervical biopsy can be performed to confirm the diagnosis.