What causes a bad cervix?

Women may suffer from various cervical diseases, such as the well-known cervicitis and the very serious cervical cancer, etc. Once these diseases occur, they are very harmful to women's health, so we must do a good job of preventing cervical diseases. For example, we must pay attention to personal hygiene, but not over-clean, and learn to have a correct sexual life, etc. The common causes of poor cervical function in women are as follows.

What causes a bad cervix?

1. Sexual life

Sexual intercourse can also bring various microorganisms including Lincoccus and Chlamydia trachomatis into the vagina, causing infection and being the cause of cervicitis. In addition, semen attached to the vagina can increase the alkalinity of the vagina, thereby making the environment inside the vagina alkaline, increasing the pathogenic bacteria, and making it easier to develop cervicitis.

2. Excessive vaginal cleansing

For healthy women, frequent vaginal douching can also be a cause of cervicitis. In particular, the use of antibacterial fluids for flushing will reduce symbiotic bacteria, allowing more pathogenic bacteria to multiply in the vagina. Some douching solutions are alkaline and can destroy the original acidic environment in the vagina, thus causing inflammation.

3. Delivery, induced labor, miscarriage, etc.

The causes of cervicitis also include the above-mentioned activities which can damage the cervix, allowing bacteria to invade and easily lead to cervical erosion. In addition, bacteria can often enter the uterus, fallopian tubes, etc. through the uterine tube and cause infection. At the same time, because the urethra and anus open near the vagina, it is easy to contaminate the vaginal opening during urination and defecation, causing infection.

How to check for cervical problems

3.1. Cervical smear cytology examination

It is the main method for cervical cancer screening and samples should be obtained from the cervical transformation zone.

3.2 Cervical iodine test

The normal squamous epithelium of the cervical vagina is rich in glycogen and appears brown or dark brown after staining with iodine solution. The unstained area indicates that the epithelium lacks glycogen and may have lesions. Taking biopsies from areas that do not stain with iodine can improve the diagnostic yield.

3.3 Colposcopy

If the cervical smear cytology examination shows Pap smear grade III or above, or TBS classification is squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, cervical biopsy should be performed on the suspected cancerous area under colposcopy.

3.4. Cervical and endocervical biopsy

It is a reliable basis for diagnosing cervical cancer and cervical precancerous lesions. The tissue obtained should include interstitial tissue and adjacent normal tissue. If the cervical smear is positive, but the cervix is ​​smooth or the cervical biopsy is negative, use a small curette to scrape the endocervical canal and send the scrapings for pathological examination.

3.5 Cervical Conization

It is suitable for patients with multiple positive cervical smear tests but negative cervical biopsy; or patients whose cervical biopsy shows cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and need to rule out invasive cancer. Cold knife resection, loop electrosurgical excision or cryoelectric resection can be used.