Where is a woman's cervix?

Many female friends don’t know which part of their body has a problem when they feel uncomfortable in life. This is mainly because they are not very clear about the parts of their body. In fact, most female friends experience pain due to cervical pain. This organ tissue is mainly located below the uterus in the human body.

Where is the female cervix?

The cervix is ​​located in the lower part of the uterus. It is approximately cone-shaped, 2.5 to 3 cm long, with the upper end connected to the uterine body and the lower end extending deep into the vagina. In layman's terms, as the name suggests, it means the cervix of the uterus, which connects the vagina and the uterus. The specific location is deep in the vagina, adjacent to the uterus.

The vault at the top of the vagina divides the cervix into two parts: the part of the cervix that protrudes into the vagina is called the cervicovaginal part, and the part above the vaginal vault is called the upper cervicovaginal part. The center of the cervix is ​​a long, fusiform lumen that is slightly flattened front to back. Its upper end is connected to the uterine cavity through the internal cervical os, and its lower end opens to the vagina through the external cervical os. The cervical canal is between the internal and external openings. The external cervical os is round in nulliparous women and transversely fissured in women who have given birth through vaginal delivery.

The size of the cervix and the ratio of the uterine body vary with age and endocrine status. The cervical wall is composed of the mucosa, muscularis and adventitia.

1. The cervical canal mucosa is the endocervical lining, which is covered by a single layer of columnar epithelium that secretes mucus. The epithelium sinks into adenoid crypts in the lamina propria, which are commonly called cervical glands. They can secrete mucus, which is the main component of leucorrhea.

2. There are reserve cells on the surface of the endocervical canal and below the glandular columnar epithelium and above the basement membrane, which have the potential for bidirectional differentiation: proliferation and differentiation into columnar epithelial cells and metaplasia into squamous epithelium;

4. The area from the external cervical opening to the vaginal vault is covered by stratified squamous epithelium

The cervix protrudes into the vagina and contains glands that secrete a kind of mucus, namely cervical mucus. The properties and amount of this mucus, like the endometrium, are affected by ovarian function and show obvious cyclical changes.

During ovulation, under the action of estrogen, the cervical mucus becomes thinner, which is conducive to the passage of sperm. At the same time, sperm can also absorb nutrients from the cervical mucus, increase its vitality, and promote the combination of sperm and egg. After ovulation, under the action of progesterone, the cervical mucus decreases and becomes thicker, and a mucus plug may form in the cervical canal, separating the cervix from the outside world and producing a protective effect. At the same time, it is not conducive to the passage of sperm through the cervix.