What causes vaginal bleeding during intercourse?

Many couples will experience vaginal bleeding after having sex. This is mainly due to vaginal damage caused by excessive sexual activity and incorrect posture. Female friends need to clean up the bleeding in time and pay attention to vaginal hygiene to avoid the occurrence of vaginitis. If you bleed frequently during intercourse, it may be caused by symptoms such as cervical cancer or uterine erosion. It is recommended that female friends should pay attention to it.

What is the cause of bleeding after sex?

The physiological characteristics of women of different ages are different, and the common causes of vaginal bleeding are also different. Generally speaking, the main reasons for vaginal bleeding after intercourse are as follows:

External genital tract injury

1. Damage to the hymen. The most common is rupture of the hymen during first sexual intercourse. This bleeding usually occurs during sexual intercourse. There may be pain and bleeding at the time, but the amount of bleeding is usually not much. If the injury is not serious, the bleeding will stop soon. However, sometimes when the rupture of the hymen happens to damage the blood vessels in that area, bleeding is heavy, requiring pressure to stop the bleeding, and even requiring visit to the hospital.

2. Vaginal laceration. Vaginal bleeding occurs during or after sexual intercourse and the amount of bleeding is heavy, difficult to stop on its own, and lasts for a long time. Vaginal lacerations often occur during involuntary sexual intercourse or very rough sexual intercourse. Vaginal lacerations are also seen in vaginal malformations, such as vaginal septum, transverse septum, double vagina, and vaginal stenosis. If the vaginal wound heals poorly after vaginal plastic surgery, hymen repair, vaginal tumor removal surgery, or hysterectomy, sexual intercourse may easily cause damage. Improper sexual posture and position can also cause vaginal injury and bleeding. The amount of bleeding depends on the location and extent of the injury.

The cervix of patients with early cervical cancer may not show obvious changes, or cancer and cervical erosion may exist at the same time. Cervical cancer bleeds easily when touched, mostly because the cervical cancer tissue invades the blood vessels in the interstitium. Postmenopausal women are prone to senile vaginitis due to the lack of estrogen. At this time, the vaginal mucosa becomes thinner and may be damaged during intercourse, causing bleeding.

Inflammation of the external genital tract

1. Cervical polyps. Chronic inflammation may cause cervical polyps due to long-term stimulation of the cervix. Single or multiple small pedunculated granulation tissues grow at the cervical opening, looking like bean buds, and the larger ones are as big as a finger. Polyps are fragile and tender, and will bleed if touched, so bleeding may occur after sexual intercourse. This bleeding is usually bright red.

2. Cervical cancer. Bleeding after sexual intercourse is the earliest symptom. Because there are more small blood vessels and the tissues are more fragile in the cancer lesions, the capillaries will rupture and bleed due to damage after each sexual intercourse. If the cancer grows further, it will bleed more easily.

3. Endometriosis. Some endometriosis grows on the cervix and appears as blue-purple nodules. If this blue-purple ectopic nodule is touched during sexual intercourse, it will cause bleeding. The amount of bleeding is generally small and dark red, and abdominal pain often occurs after intercourse.

4. Pelvic inflammatory disease. Pelvic inflammation can cause pelvic congestion. If the endometrium is congested and edematous, sex may cause the congested endometrium to release hormones, but this opportunity is rare.

5. Cervicitis. 90% of married women suffer from cervicitis. Cervicitis is divided into three types: mild, moderate and severe according to the degree of cervical erosion. For patients with moderate or severe cervical erosion, the rubbing of the cervix by the glans of the male's penis during sexual intercourse may cause injury and bleeding. Because the amount of bleeding is small, it does not flow out immediately but accumulates in the vagina, and the color of the blood changes from fresh to old. Therefore, when the blood flows out the next day, it is dark red.

External malignant tumor

1. Cervical cancer is one of the common causes of bleeding after sexual intercourse. Most cervical cancer patients do not have any discomfort symptoms in the early stages, and bleeding after sexual intercourse may be the only symptom of early cervical cancer. Rare vaginal cancer can also cause bleeding after intercourse. Therefore, if female friends find themselves having vaginal bleeding or bloody discharge after sexual intercourse, they should be alert and go to the hospital for examination as soon as possible to rule out whether they have gynecological malignancies such as cervical cancer.

2. There are many reasons for female bleeding during sexual intercourse, which can be roughly divided into two categories: improper sexual intercourse and local organic lesions of the female reproductive system, with the latter being the most common. If vaginal bleeding occurs after intercourse, do not panic, go to the hospital as soon as possible, find out the cause of the bleeding, rule out malignant tumors such as cervical cancer, and receive timely treatment.

3. In case of menstrual abnormalities, you think that your period has ended and end up having sexual intercourse too early, which causes the uterus to contract under sexual stimulation and the blood remaining in the uterine cavity to be discharged from the vagina. In addition, a small number of women experience bleeding during ovulation. For this type of bleeding, if a gynecological examination shows no abnormalities in the vagina and cervix, the above possibilities should be considered.