Normal range of uterine and ovarian size

The uterus is located in the center of the pelvic cavity, connected to the bladder and rectum. It has functions such as reproduction, endocrine and menstruation. The normal work of the uterus can provide a certain immunity for the human body. The ovaries are another important organ related to female reproductive function. They are located on both sides of the uterus and can produce eggs and secrete estrogen, progesterone, etc. So what is the normal range for the size of the uterus and ovaries?

Before puberty, the surface of the ovary is smooth; after ovulation begins during puberty, the surface gradually becomes uneven. The normal size of a woman's ovaries in adults is that the average length of a woman's ovaries is 2.93cm on the left and 2.88cm on the right; the average width is 1.48cm on the left and 1.38cm on the right; the average thickness is 0.82cm on the left and 0.83cm on the right. The weight of the ovaries is 3-4g.

There is one ovary on each side, which is gray-red, tough, flat and oval in shape, with a convex surface. The surface is smooth in young girls, but after sexual maturity, the surface often becomes uneven due to the enlargement of the follicles and scarring after ovulation.

The uterus is located in the center of the pelvic cavity. It is inverted pear-shaped, flat in the front and slightly protruding in the back. The adult uterus is about 7-8cm long, 4-5cm wide, 2-3cm thick, and the uterine cavity capacity is about 5ml. The upper part of the uterus is wider and is called the uterine body. The protruding part at the upper end is called the uterine fundus. The two sides of the uterine fundus are the uterine horns, which are connected to the fallopian tubes. The lower part of the uterus is narrow and cylindrical and is called the cervix.

The ovaries begin to shrink gradually between the ages of 35 and 45, and after menopause, they can gradually shrink to 1/2 of their original volume. The size of an adult's ovary is usually about the size of a person's thumb. Due to repeated ovulation in the ovaries, the follicles rupture and shrink, and are replaced by connective tissue, so their essence gradually becomes hard. Normal range of ovarian size: The size and shape of the ovaries are different for different people, different ages, and the same person at different ages. Moreover, the left and right ovaries of the same person are not consistent, and the left side is generally larger than the right side.

The ovaries are located below the fallopian tubes. The outside of the ovaries is connected to the pelvic wall by the infundibulocochlear ligament, and the inside of the ovaries is connected to the uterus by the pelvic ovarian proper ligament. There is no peritoneum on the surface of the ovary, which is covered by germinal epithelium, inside which is a layer of fibrous tissue, the ovarian white membrane. The ovarian tissue under the tunica albuginea can be divided into two parts: the cortex and the medulla.

The cortex is the outer layer, which contains tens of thousands of primordial follicles and dense connective tissue; the medulla is in the central part of the ovary, containing loose connective tissue and abundant blood vessels, nerves, lymphatic vessels and a small amount of smooth muscle fibers continuous with the ovarian suspensory ligament. There are no follicles in the medulla, and the smooth muscle fibers play a role in the movement of the ovary.

When a woman reaches the age of 35-45, her ovaries begin to gradually shrink. After menopause, the ovaries can gradually shrink to 1/2 of their original volume. Due to repeated ovulation in the ovaries, the follicles rupture and shrink, and are replaced by connective tissue, and the substance gradually hardens. Therefore, in terms of lifestyle habits, female friends should insist on drinking milk regularly, consuming foods such as fish and shrimp, exercising regularly to strengthen their physical fitness, and pay special attention to reducing passive smoking in public places and at home, so as to avoid the harm of premature menopause to female health.