Where are the pelvic appendages located?

The pelvic cavity refers to the entire pelvic area, which mainly refers to the area below the navel and above the private parts. There are multiple organs and tissues in this area, the most common ones are the female uterus, appendages, ovaries and other tissues. If this area becomes inflamed, it will often lead to pelvic effusion, causing the patient to feel a sense of heaviness in the lower abdomen, bleeding during sexual intercourse, and sometimes irregular menstruation, etc. Let us learn more about this aspect.

Where are the pelvic appendages located?

The pelvic cavity is the entire pelvis. That is to say, the pelvic area is from the waist belt to the vulva, excluding the thighs. The appendages are in the pelvic cavity. The attachment is located slightly below the navel, about one palm's width away, with one on each side. The bladder is above and the rectum is behind.

Symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease

Symptom 1: Lower abdominal pain. Scar adhesions caused by chronic inflammation and pelvic congestion often cause lower abdominal distension, pain and soreness in the lumbar region. It often worsens after fatigue, sexual intercourse, and before and after menstruation.

Symptom 2: Menstrual disorders may cause excessive menstruation in the early stages due to endometrial congestion and ulcers. Most patients have been ill for a long time when they seek medical treatment, and the endometrium has been damaged to varying degrees, manifesting as infrequent menstruation or amenorrhea.

Symptom 3: Infertility is caused by the destruction and adhesion of the fallopian tube mucosa, which often blocks the lumen; or due to adhesions around the fallopian tube, the lumen sometimes remains partially open. However, the mucosal cilia are destroyed, the fallopian tubes become rigid, and their motility is restricted, thus losing their transport function and becoming incapable of conception. Therefore, the vast majority of patients are infertile.

Symptom 4: Systemic symptoms What are the symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease? Most of them are not obvious, sometimes only low fever and fatigue. Due to the long course of the disease, some patients may experience symptoms of neurasthenia, such as lack of energy, general discomfort, insomnia, etc. When the patient's resistance is poor, acute or subacute attacks are likely to occur.

What causes pelvic inflammatory disease?

The main pathogens that cause pelvic inflammatory disease are: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, anaerobic bacteria, and sexually transmitted pathogens (such as gonococci, Chlamydia trachomatis, mycoplasma, and herpes virus).

The main causes of acute pelvic inflammatory disease are: postpartum or abortion infection, postoperative infection after intrauterine surgery, poor menstrual hygiene, and direct spread of inflammation from adjacent organs. Acute pelvic inflammatory disease can cause the body to develop acute endometritis and acute myometritis, acute salpingitis, pyosalpinx, tubo-ovarian abscess, acute pelvic connective tissue inflammation, acute pelvic peritonitis, sepsis and septicemia, etc.

Chronic pelvic inflammatory disease is often caused by failure to thoroughly treat acute pelvic inflammatory disease, or by the patient's poor physical constitution and prolonged course of the disease. It can cause chronic salpingitis and hydrosalpinx, salpingo-oophoritis and tubo-ovarian cysts, and chronic pelvic connective tissue inflammation.