How is pelvic inflammatory disease caused?

The factors that cause pelvic inflammatory disease are relatively complex, and are mainly divided into exogenous infections and endogenous infections. For example, they are caused by sexual life, reproductive system infections, or infections caused by uterine surgery, etc. In addition, the spread of inflammation in nearby tissues and organs may also cause pelvic inflammatory disease. Of course, this also has a certain relationship with the physical constitution. Let us now understand how pelvic inflammatory disease is caused.

How is pelvic inflammatory disease caused?

1. Age:

According to data, the peak age for pelvic inflammatory disease is 15-25 years old. The susceptibility of young women to pelvic inflammatory disease may be related to frequent sexual activity, cervical columnar epithelium ectopia, and poor mechanical defense function of cervical mucus.

2. Sexual activity:

Pelvic inflammatory disease often occurs in sexually active women, especially those who have their first sexual intercourse at a young age, have multiple sexual partners, have sexual intercourse too frequently, or whose sexual partners have sexually transmitted diseases.

3. Lower genital tract infection:

Lower genital tract infections such as gonorrheal Neisseria cervicitis, chlamydial cervicitis, and bacterial vaginosis are closely related to the occurrence of pelvic inflammatory disease.

4. Infection after intrauterine surgery:

Such as curettage, hydrotubation, hysterosalpingography, hysteroscopy, etc., due to surgical damage, bleeding, and necrosis of the reproductive tract mucosa, leading to ascending infection of endogenous pathogens in the lower reproductive tract.

5. Poor sexual hygiene:

Sexual intercourse during menstruation and the use of unclean menstrual pads can allow pathogens to invade and cause inflammation. In addition, low-income groups do not pay attention to sexual health care, and those who do vaginal douching have a high incidence of pelvic inflammatory disease.

6. Direct spread of inflammation in adjacent organs:

If appendicitis, peritonitis, etc. spread to the pelvic cavity, the pathogen is mainly Escherichia coli.

7. Recurrence of acute pelvic inflammatory disease:

Pelvic inflammatory disease can cause extensive pelvic adhesions, fallopian tube damage, and decreased fallopian tube defense capabilities, which can easily lead to reinfection and acute attacks.