The main symptoms of infertility in women

For many couples or many families, pregnancy is a very happy thing, but many women or men experience symptoms of being unable to become pregnant due to some physical or physiological illnesses. In this case, they must seek medical attention in a timely manner and actively cooperate with treatment with the assistance of certain medications. So let’s take a look at the main symptoms of female infertility.

1. Symptoms of female infertility

Female infertility is often accompanied by a series of other symptoms, such as abnormal menstruation, abnormal breast secretion, vaginitis, etc.

1. Menstrual abnormalities: changes in the menstrual cycle, early or delayed menstruation; excessive or insufficient menstrual flow; prolonged menstruation; amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, and irregular vaginal bleeding.

2. Breast and secretion abnormalities: Milk leaks out of the breasts spontaneously or after squeezing during the non-lactating period. This often indicates hypothalamic insufficiency, pituitary tumors, prolactinomas, primary hypothyroidism, chronic renal failure and other diseases. It can also be caused by taking contraceptives and antihypertensive drugs such as reserpines. Galactorrhea is often accompanied by amenorrhea, leading to infertility.

3. Vaginitis: causes increased vaginal discharge, adnexal swelling, thickening and tenderness.

4. Symptoms before and after menstruation: A small number of women experience a series of symptoms before and after menstruation, such as breast swelling, headache, diarrhea, edema, fever, oral erosion, facial acne, urticaria, depression or irritability. These symptoms are often caused by endocrine disorders and luteal insufficiency, which can often lead to infertility.

5. Endometrial retardation, uterine hypoplasia and malformation.

2. What tests are done for female infertility?

1. Estrogen test

Those with negative progesterone test can undergo estrogen test to determine whether the cause of negative progesterone test is low estrogen level.

2. Progesterone test

A progesterone test can be performed to determine whether the ovaries are secreting estrogen.

3. Determination of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and prolactin (PRL)

By measuring the levels of various hormones in the blood at appropriate times, more information can be obtained about the functional state of the ovaries and the links that affect them.

4. Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) pituitary stimulation test

GnRH pituitary stimulation is the LHRH test, which can distinguish between hypothalamic or pituitary amenorrhea and indicate a response to GnRH treatment.

5. Human menopausal gonadotropin (HMG) test

Negative clomiphene test, positive progesterone test or estrogen test. On the 5th day after withdrawal of vaginal bleeding, HMG 70-150U/d is injected intramuscularly. Ovulation is monitored during continuous medication. When the follicles are mature, HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) 5000-10000U/d is injected intramuscularly. Ovulation indicates a positive gonadotropin test.