Function of uterine ligaments

We all know that the human uterus is fixed by the uterine ligaments, so the uterine ligaments are particularly important to the human body. However, many people do not know the specific location and ligaments of the uterine ligaments. Therefore, when they suffer from gynecological diseases, they do not know how to treat themselves and how to cooperate with doctors to protect their uterus. So what are the functions of the uterine ligaments?

The normal position of the uterus is mainly maintained by the following four pairs of ligaments

(1) The broad ligament of the uterus is a double-layer peritoneal fold connected to both sides of the uterus and is in the coronal position. The medial edge becomes the peritoneum in front and behind the uterus; the lateral edge becomes the peritoneum of the pelvic sidewall and pelvic floor; the upper edge is free and wraps the fallopian tube. The broad ligaments limit the movement of the uterus to the sides.

(2) Round ligament of uterus It is composed of smooth and connective tissue and is in the shape of a round cord. It starts from below the tip of the fallopian tube and the transitional part of the uterus, runs forward and laterally between the two layers of the broad ligament of the uterus, passes through the inguinal canal and ends at the subcutaneous tissue of the labia majora. It is the main structure that maintains the anteversion of the uterus.

(3) Cardinal ligament of uterus It is composed of connective tissue and smooth muscle between the two layers of the lower part of the broad ligament of the uterus. It connects the cervix to the side wall of the pelvic cavity. Its function is to maintain the normal position of the uterus and prevent the uterus from prolapsing downward.

(4) The sacrouterine ligament is composed of smooth muscle and connective tissue. It starts from the back of the cervix, goes back around the rectum, and ends at the front of the sacrum. This ligament pulls the cervix backward and upward, mainly maintaining the anteflexed position of the uterus. In addition to the above-mentioned ligaments, the pelvic floor and surrounding connective tissue also play a major role in maintaining the normal position of the uterus. If the fixation device is weak or damaged, it may cause abnormal position of the uterus or cause varying degrees of uterine prolapse. In severe cases, the uterus may prolapse outside the vaginal opening.

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