How does ectopic pregnancy occur?

Because many young women have no experience, they do not know that they have an ectopic pregnancy and may delay going to the hospital for examination for a long time, which can cause great harm. In fact, there are signs of ectopic pregnancy, such as pain in the lower abdomen, and it is usually accompanied by bleeding symptoms, so when these signs appear, you need to check in time. So what are the causes of ectopic pregnancy?

How does ectopic pregnancy occur?

The incidence of ectopic pregnancy is related to fallopian tube inflammation, fallopian tube surgery, intrauterine contraceptive device placement, fallopian tube dysplasia or dysfunction, fertilized egg migration, and compression by tumors around the fallopian tube.

1. Chronic salpingitis

Clinically, it can be divided into fallopian tube mucositis and fallopian tube peri-inflammation, both of which are common causes of ectopic pregnancy. Severe fallopian tube mucositis can cause complete blockage of the fallopian tube and lead to infertility. In mild cases, the mucosal folds will adhere, causing the lumen to narrow and the peristalsis to become poor, affecting the normal movement of the fertilized egg in the fallopian tube, causing it to be blocked midway and implanted there. The lesions of perisalpingitis are mainly in the serosa or seromuscular layer of the fallopian tube. The inflammatory exudation causes adhesions around the fallopian tube, resulting in twisting of the fallopian tube, narrowing of the lumen and weakened peristalsis of the tube wall, thus affecting the movement of the fertilized egg.

2. Fallopian tube surgery

Various forms of tubal sterilization may lead to tubal pregnancy if tubal fistula or recanalization is formed. Anastomosis recanalization or tuboplasty after tubal sterilization may lead to tubal pregnancy due to tubal stenosis.

3. Intrauterine contraceptive device placement

With the widespread use of intrauterine contraceptive devices, the incidence of ectopic pregnancy has increased, which may be related to salpingitis caused by placement.

4. Hypoplasia or dysfunction of fallopian tubes

Tubal dysplasia is often manifested by excessively long fallopian tubes, poor development of the muscular layer, and lack of mucociliary tissue. Double fallopian tubes, diverticula or accessory fimbria can all be causes of fallopian tube pregnancy.

5. The fertilized egg wanders

If one ovary ovulates and the fertilized egg migrates to the opposite fallopian tube through the uterine cavity or abdominal cavity, it is called migratory fertilized egg. Because the fertilized egg takes too long to migrate and grows larger, it can implant in the contralateral fallopian tube and develop into a tubal pregnancy.

6. Others

Tumors around the fallopian tubes, such as uterine fibroids or ovarian tumors, compress the fallopian tubes, affecting the patency of the fallopian tubes and obstructing the movement of the fertilized egg. Endometriosis, previous history of ectopic pregnancy, assisted reproductive technology, etc. are also related to the incidence of ectopic pregnancy.