What are the tests for the first three months of pregnancy?

A woman’s pregnancy is a very happy thing for a family, as after ten months of pregnancy, a new member will be added. However, for women who have just been pregnant for a short time, miscarriage is actually very easy. For the healthy development of the baby, they usually go to the hospital for a check-up once every three months of pregnancy. This article introduces the examination items and precautions during the first three months of pregnancy.

The first three months of pregnancy are also called early pregnancy, and special attention should be paid to the occurrence of fetal miscarriage and malformations. What are the precautions during the first three months of pregnancy?

1. If you are a working woman, you first need to pay attention to the working environment. You must not be exposed to harmful substances such as mercury and benzene. You must also try to avoid noise, otherwise it will affect the healthy development of the fetus.

2. Deal with morning sickness reasonably. Morning sickness in the first three months of pregnancy is a normal phenomenon. After the first three months, the symptoms will improve significantly and generally return to normal in the second trimester. In order to avoid vomiting, pregnant women can adhere to the principle of eating small and frequent meals. They should not give up eating because of vomiting, otherwise it will affect the health of the pregnant woman and the fetus. In order to increase the appetite of pregnant women, you can eat more sweet and sour fruits such as bayberry and strawberry.

3. Be careful when having sex during the first three months of pregnancy because the embryo is in the initial development stage. Having sex in the early stages of pregnancy will increase the risk of miscarriage.

4. You cannot do physical work in the first three months of pregnancy. When bending over or squatting, you should slow down your movements and not do them too vigorously.

5. Avoid viral infections in the first three months of pregnancy. After pregnancy, the immune ability of pregnant women is much worse than before, so in seasons with frequent epidemics, pregnant women should reduce going out to prevent viral infections; in hot summer, pregnant women should try to go out on cool days. After pregnancy, the heat radiated from their bodies will be much higher than before pregnancy, so heatstroke should also be prevented.

What to check for in the third trimester of pregnancy

1. Thalassemia gene screening can basically be detected through routine blood tests, and both men and women need to do it. If the result is positive, further genetic screening is needed to confirm the diagnosis.

2. Down syndrome screening is usually performed through a blood test during the 16th to 21st week of pregnancy, which is the second trimester. However, for pregnant women over 35 years old, it is best to have amniocentesis during the 18th to 21st week of pregnancy to confirm whether the fetus has chromosomal problems.

3. Routine blood test is done once when the hospital establishes the file (around 16 weeks of pregnancy), and again in the third trimester of pregnancy, and the result is compared with the first routine blood test. The normal value is 100g/L-160g/L. Mild anemia has little effect on expectant mothers and delivery, while severe anemia can cause adverse consequences such as premature birth and low birth weight babies.

4. Blood sugar: A weight gain of about 12.5 kg is sufficient during the entire pregnancy. However, modern pregnant women often have overnutrition. Blood sugar screening should be performed at 24-28 weeks of pregnancy to understand whether the pregnant mother has signs of gestational diabetes.

5. G6PD screening When G6PD is deficient, if the body comes into contact with specific oxidizing substances or takes such drugs, red blood cells are easily destroyed and an acute hemolytic reaction occurs.

6. Blood type test: If the expectant father has type A, B or AB blood and the expectant mother has type O blood, the baby may have ABO hemolytic disease. If the expectant mother is Rh negative, the hospital should prepare Rh negative blood in advance before delivery so that blood transfusion can be given in time if an accident occurs during delivery.

7. Syphilis, gonorrhea and AIDS screening must be done before delivery. In case of postpartum infection, it is possible to determine whether it is a medical infection.

8. Liver and kidney function is mainly to check whether the expectant mother has hepatitis B, hepatitis C, nephritis and other diseases. The burden on the liver and kidneys is increased during pregnancy. If the above indicators exceed the normal range, it indicates that the liver and kidney function are abnormal. Pregnancy will make the original disease "worse".