Ovarian hematoma is caused by

In fact, for girls, the ovaries are a very important part. Some women may find ovarian hematoma during physical examination, but they don’t know the cause. Ovarian hematoma is mainly caused by the rupture of the vascular network because there are many vascular networks on the ovaries. Generally, ovarian hematoma will cause bleeding, and the amount of bleeding is relatively small.

1. What causes ovarian hematoma?

The theca layer of the mature ovarian follicles has a rich vascular network. If it ruptures due to some inducement, bleeding may occur around it or blood may flow into the follicular cavity. During the corpus luteum angiogenesis stage, blood vessels grow actively and penetrate into the granulosa layer until they reach the edge of the corpus luteum cavity.

Bleeding.

Generally, the amount of bleeding is very small, and pathological ovarian hematoma can only be formed when the bleeding is severe. Therefore, depending on the time of formation of ovarian hematoma, it can be divided into follicular hematoma and corpus luteum hematoma.

Follicular ovarian hematoma.

The hematoma is generally small and often confined to the follicular cavity. Clinical examination revealed cystic enlargement and tenderness of the ovaries. However, except for a few follicular hematomas that rupture into the abdominal cavity, there are generally no clinical symptoms.

Corpus luteum ovarian hematoma: similar to follicular hematoma. The hematoma generally involves the corpus luteum cavity, the lutein layer of granulosa cells and the lutein layer of theca cells. Rupture of the corpus luteum hematoma may cause intra-abdominal bleeding. In severe cases, the clinical manifestations may resemble ruptured fallopian tube pregnancy.

2. Symptoms of ovarian hematoma

In the early stage of corpus luteum hematoma, when there is a lot of bleeding in the cyst, it manifests as a nearly round cyst in the ovary with thick cyst wall, rough inner wall, messy, heterogeneous and low echo inside the cyst, and diverse echo manifestations. (Sometimes nearly inhomogeneous solid echo)

In the middle stage of corpus luteum hematoma, the blood in the corpus luteum hematoma coagulates and is partially absorbed. The cyst wall becomes thinner, the inner wall becomes smooth, the echo inside the cyst decreases, and it presents a coarse reticular and fine reticular structure. (Dense dot-like echoes can also be seen in the cyst)

In the late stage of corpus luteum hematoma, the cyst becomes smaller after blood absorption and turns into a white body. The internal echo is solid and slightly higher in echo, and the boundary with the surrounding ovarian tissue is unclear. It can be judged by the surrounding annular blood flow shown by color ultrasound. When the blood is completely absorbed, a corpus luteum cyst is formed. The cyst wall becomes smooth and there is no echo inside the cyst, which is difficult to distinguish from other ovarian cysts.

CDFI: The color Doppler ultrasound manifestations of corpus luteum hematoma or corpus luteum cyst are characteristic. A supplying blood vessel can be seen in the medulla of the corpus luteum sac near the ovary, with radial branches extending to the corpus luteum sac wall. Color Doppler or power Doppler blood images can show a circle or half circle of blood flow signals around the corpus luteum sac.