What causes female hydatidiform mole?

Hydatidiform mole is an abnormal pregnancy. If not treated in time, it will threaten the life and health of women. The causes of hydatidiform mole may be nutritional problems, infection or some genetic immune mechanism problems.

1. Hydatidiform mole is caused by the proliferation of trophoblastic cells and edema of villous interstitium, which transforms the villi into blisters of varying sizes, which are connected to each other by thin pedicles, like a bunch of grapes. It has little ability to erode the surrounding areas and only causes slight damage locally, so it is also called vesicular fetal mass. Vesicular degeneration often involves the placenta, so that no placenta or fetus can be seen, which is called complete hydatidiform mole. If part of the placenta undergoes chorionic hydatidiform mole, part of the placenta may be retained and the fetus may even survive, which is called partial hydatidiform mole. The cause of hydatidiform mole is not yet clear, but it may be related to nutrition, infection, genetics and immune mechanism disorders.

Second, the clinical characteristics of hydatidiform mole are mainly:

1. Amenorrhea usually lasts for 2 to 3 months or longer.

2. Vaginal bleeding is an obvious manifestation of hydatidiform mole, which is mostly intermittent. The amount is small at the beginning and then gradually increases, stopping from time to time. Patients often have anemia to varying degrees. Heavy bleeding and even shock often occur before the hydatidiform mole is expelled on its own. Blisters may sometimes be seen in the discharged blood clots.

3. The abnormal enlargement of the uterus is inconsistent with the pregnancy period. The uterus is soft and the lower segment is full. The fetal body cannot be felt, the fetal heartbeat cannot be heard, and the patient has no sense of fetal movement.

4. Abdominal pain is caused by rapid expansion of the uterus, which stimulates uterine contraction or stretches the uterus.

5. Early pregnancy reactions are more severe and symptoms of pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome such as edema, hypertension and proteinuria appear earlier.

6. Anemia and infection: Repeated bleeding can lead to anemia. People with anemia have reduced resistance, and bacteria in the vagina can take advantage of the situation to enter and cause infection. 7. It is often accompanied by ovarian lutein cysts, which are mostly bilateral.

8. Urine pregnancy reaction is positive.

9. Fetal heart rate monitoring can only hear uterine blood flow murmurs, but no fetal heart sounds.

3. After hydatidiform mole occurs, the pregnancy must be terminated as soon as possible. Generally, two uterine curettages are required, with an interval of one week, and the scrapings should be sent for pathological examination. If necessary, preventive chemotherapy can be carried out under the guidance of a doctor. The effectiveness of Chinese medicine treatment varies from person to person. Most hospitals will follow up on women who develop hydatidiform mole. Although the vast majority of cases have a benign course, 5% to 20% may develop into malignant hydatidiform mole or choriocarcinoma.